超疏水异质纤维聚结材料的构建及乳化油去除性能

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0894

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选择常用的聚结除油材料聚四氟乙烯（PTFE），将其表面负载聚苯胺（PANI），成功构建超疏水纤维，并将其与亲水棉（Cot）纤维编织成超疏水/亲水异质材料（PANI/PTFE-Cot）用于处理含油废水。结果表明，具有微/纳结构的PANI成功负载在PTFE上，苯胺的投加量和反应温度影响PANI/PTFE的疏水性能。当反应温度为25 ℃，苯胺投加量为0.2 mol/L时，其水接触角达到最大，为154°。当PANI/PTFE和Cot纤维数量比为2∶1时，除油效果最佳。与传统的聚结材料PTFE相比，超疏水-亲水PANI/PTFE-Cot异质聚结材料的品质因子提高了46.7%。

关键词: 含油废水处理, 超疏水材料, 聚结技术, 异质编织纤维, 聚四氟乙烯

Abstract:

In this study,polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE), a commonly used coalescence oil removal material, was selected and loaded with polyaniline(PANI) on its surface to successfully construct a superhydrophobic fiber material. It was then woven with hydrophilic cotton(Cot) fibers to form a superhydrophobic/hydrophilic heterogeneous material(PANI/PTFE-Cot) for the treatment of oily wastewater. The results indicated that PANI with micro-nano structure was successfully loaded on PTFE fibre, and the dosage of aniline and reaction temperature affected the hydrophobicity of PANI/PTFE. When the reaction temperature was 25 ℃ and the dosage of aniline was 0.2 mol/L,the water contact angle reached its maximum of 154°. Compared with that of PTFE,the quality factor of 2∶1 PANI/PTFE-Cot increased 46.7%.

Key words: oily wastewater treatment, superhydrophobic material, coalescence, heterofibre-woven material, polytetrafluoroethylene

中图分类号:

X703.1

马宁, 李志鹏, 郭宏山, 张秀芳, 王雪清. 超疏水异质纤维聚结材料的构建及乳化油去除性能[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(5): 171-176.

Ning MA, Zhipeng LI, Hongshan GUO, Xiufang ZHANG, Xueqing WANG. Construction of superhydrophobic heterogeneous fiber coalescence materials and emulsion oil removal properties[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(5): 171-176.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I5/171

图/表 8

图1 异质纤维编织聚结材料制备方法示意

Fig.1 Diagram of woven hetero-fibre for coalescing oil

图2 实验装置（a）和聚结分离器放大图（b）

Fig.2 Image of experimental equipment（a） and enlarged diagram of coalescer（b）

图3 反应温度与苯胺投加量对材料水接触角的影响

Fig.3 Influence curves of reaction temperature and aniline dose on water contact angle of materials

图4 PTFE 和PANI/PTFE纤维的扫描电镜

Fig.4 SEM imgaes of PTFE and PANI/PTFE

图5 PTFE和PANI/PTFE的红外光谱

Fig.5 FT-IR spectra of PTFE and PANI/PTFE

图6 进水浓度对出水油浓度和出水中油滴粒径分布的影响

Fig.6 Influence of influent oil concentration on effluent oil concentration and oil droplet size distribution

图7 进水pH对出水油浓度和出水中油滴粒径分布的影响

Fig.7 Influence of influent pH on effluent oil concentration and oil droplet size distribution

图8 聚结材料对出水油浓度、出水中油滴粒径分布、压降和品质因子的影响

Fig.8 Influence of fibers on oil concentration，oil droplet size distribution，pressure drop and quality factor in effluent

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