反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化微生物的生态分布研究进展

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-0528

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化（DAMO）过程是以甲烷为唯一电子供体、硝酸盐或亚硝酸盐为电子受体的生物化学过程，这一过程在碳氮元素生物地球化学循环和控制全球温室效应方面都起着非常重要的作用。综述了DAMO微生物在典型生态系统（如淡水湖泊、湿地、河流）和非典型生态系统（如海洋、盐湖）中的分布特征、群落结构、物种丰度及影响因素，探究了不同区域环境中DAMO微生物的多样性差异，对比讨论了DAMO微生物环境调研采用的主要检测方法。DAMO微生物在绝大部分生态环境中均有分布，且DAMO微生物在不同生境间的群落结构和物种丰度均存在一定差异，其中盐水环境与淡水环境中的DAMO微生物差异较大。水体中的总碳、TP/TN、氨氮含量也是影响DAMO微生物菌群分布的重要因素。然而，目前针对DAMO古菌的环境调研非常缺乏，还需要开展更多的研究工作。此外，更特异/有效的引物设计以及其他检测技术的发展将有利于进一步认识和理解环境中DAMO微生物的多样性及生态功能。

关键词: 反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化（DAMO）, 生态分布, 微生物多样性

Abstract:

Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation（DAMO） is a biochemical process in which methane is the sole electron donor and nitrate or nitrite is the electron acceptor. The process plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of carbon and nitrogen，as well as in controlling the global greenhouse effect. The distribution characteristics，community structure，species abundance，and influencing factors of DAMO microbes in typical ecosystems（such as freshwater lakes，wetlands，rivers） and atypical ecosystems（such as oceans，salt lakes）and the diversity differences of DAMO microbes in different regions were reviewed. The main detection methods used in the environmental investigation of DAMO microbes were compared with each other and discussed. It was found that DAMO microbes distribute in most ecological environments，and the community structure and species abundance of DAMO microbes were different in habitats. DAMO microbes in saline environment and freshwater environment were quite different. The contents of total carbon，TP/TN and ammonia nitrogen in water were also important factors affecting the distribution of DAMO microbes. However，the environmental investigation of DAMO archaea was also very lacking，thus needed more research. In addition，the development of more specific/effective primers design and other detection technologies will help to further understand the diversity and ecological functions of DAMO microbes in the environment.

Key words: denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation（DAMO）, ecological distribution, microbial diversity

中图分类号:

X703
X171

李长鑫, 盛光遥, 汤明芳, 丁静. 反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化微生物的生态分布研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2023, 43(8): 21-29.

Changxin LI, Guangyao SHENG, Mingfang TANG, Jing DING. Research progress on ecological distribution of denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidizing microorganisms[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2023, 43(8): 21-29.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I8/21

图/表 3

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生态系统分类	采样地点	DAMO微生物
湖泊	康士坦茨湖	DAMO细菌^〔7〕
	琵琶湖	DAMO细菌^〔13〕
	西湖	DAMO细菌和DAMO古菌^〔23〕
	高纬度淡水湖	DAMO细菌^〔24〕
	汤逊湖、梁子湖	DAMO细菌^〔25〕
湿地	水稻田	DAMO细菌^〔26〕
	江阴、嘉兴水稻田	DAMO细菌^〔27〕
	稻田土壤	DAMO细菌和DAMO古菌^〔28〕
	深层稻田土壤	DAMO细菌^〔29-30〕
	三峡库区消落带湿地	DAMO细菌^〔31〕
	锡林河湿地	DAMO细菌^〔32〕
	西藏高寒湿地	DAMO细菌和DAMO古菌^〔33〕
	黄河三角洲滨海湿地	DAMO细菌^〔34〕
河流	北运河	DAMO细菌^〔35〕
	浑河	DAMO细菌^〔36-38〕
	钱塘江	DAMO细菌和DAMO古菌^〔20〕
	黄河河口	DAMO细菌^〔39〕
盐水环境	南海	DAMO细菌^〔40〕
盐水环境	高原盐水湖	DAMO细菌^〔24〕

生态系统分类	采样地点	DAMO微生物
湖泊	康士坦茨湖	DAMO细菌^〔7〕
	琵琶湖	DAMO细菌^〔13〕
	西湖	DAMO细菌和DAMO古菌^〔23〕
	高纬度淡水湖	DAMO细菌^〔24〕
	汤逊湖、梁子湖	DAMO细菌^〔25〕
湿地	水稻田	DAMO细菌^〔26〕
	江阴、嘉兴水稻田	DAMO细菌^〔27〕
	稻田土壤	DAMO细菌和DAMO古菌^〔28〕
	深层稻田土壤	DAMO细菌^〔29-30〕
	三峡库区消落带湿地	DAMO细菌^〔31〕
	锡林河湿地	DAMO细菌^〔32〕
	西藏高寒湿地	DAMO细菌和DAMO古菌^〔33〕
	黄河三角洲滨海湿地	DAMO细菌^〔34〕
河流	北运河	DAMO细菌^〔35〕
	浑河	DAMO细菌^〔36-38〕
	钱塘江	DAMO细菌和DAMO古菌^〔20〕
	黄河河口	DAMO细菌^〔39〕
盐水环境	南海	DAMO细菌^〔40〕
盐水环境	高原盐水湖	DAMO细菌^〔24〕

微生物	引物	目标基因
DAMO细菌	qP1F/qP1R^〔10〕	16S rRNA
	qP2F/qP2R^〔10〕	16S rRNA
	202F/1043R^〔10〕	16S rRNA
	com182/com682^〔56〕	pmoA
DAMO古菌	DP397F/DP569R^〔50〕	16S rRNA
	DP142F/DP779R^〔50〕	16S rRNA
	McrA169F/McrA1360F^〔52〕	mcrA
	McrA159F/McrA345R^〔52〕	mcrA

微生物	引物	目标基因
DAMO细菌	qP1F/qP1R^〔10〕	16S rRNA
	qP2F/qP2R^〔10〕	16S rRNA
	202F/1043R^〔10〕	16S rRNA
	com182/com682^〔56〕	pmoA
DAMO古菌	DP397F/DP569R^〔50〕	16S rRNA
	DP142F/DP779R^〔50〕	16S rRNA
	McrA169F/McrA1360F^〔52〕	mcrA
	McrA159F/McrA345R^〔52〕	mcrA

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