工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 167-173. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0659

• 试验研究 • 上一篇    

铅锌冶炼高盐废水中硫酸钠的资源化利用

侯郊1(), 罗文辉2(), 侯彦青3, 高延粉1, 孙斯景2   

  1. 1. 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司,云南 曲靖 655011
    2. 云南驰宏资源综合利用有限公司,云南 曲靖 655011
    3. 昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南 昆明 650093
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-03 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 罗文辉
  • 作者简介:

    侯郊(1984— ),工程硕士,高级工程师,E-mail:

Resource utilization of sodium sulfate in high salt wastewater from lead and zinc smelting

Jiao HOU1(), Wenhui LUO2(), Yanqing HOU3, Yanfen GAO1, Sijing SUN2   

  1. 1. Yunnan Chihong Zinc and Germanium Co. , Ltd. , Qujing 655011, China
    2. Yunnan Chihong Resource Comprehensive Utilization Co. , Ltd. , Qujing 655011, China
    3. School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
  • Received:2024-12-03 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-11-20
  • Contact: Wenhui LUO

摘要:

针对铅锌冶炼高盐废水中Na2SO4的资源化利用问题,采用自主设计的两膜三室电解槽回收H2SO4和NaOH,探究了电解槽配置模式、电流密度、循环电解液体积和电解时间等关键因素对模拟Na2SO4废水电解效果的影响,优化了电解工艺,并在最佳工艺条件下探索了两膜三室电解槽对实际铅锌冶炼高盐废水的处理效果。结果表明,采用阴极室和阳极室分别以阳离子膜和阴离子膜与反应室隔开,阳极选择钛镀钌铱网,阴极选择钛网的配置模式能有效提高电流效率。最佳电解条件为电流密度60 mA/cm2、循环电解液体积400 mL、电解时间3 h,最终模拟废水的酸和碱转化率分别为7.31%和7.96%,电流效率分别为59.79%和75.67%。实际废水试验结果进一步表明,废水成分对酸碱转化率具有重要影响,实际废水碱的转化率可达5%以上,但酸的转化率受Cl-干扰,在1.96%~3.99%之间波动,处理1 t一效液可产生经济效益19.4元。两膜三室电解槽为铅锌冶炼废水的绿色治理与资源化利用提供了一种有效处理方案。

关键词: 铅锌冶炼废水, 高盐废水, 硫酸钠, 电解槽, 资源化利用

Abstract:

To address the problem of resource utilization of sodium sulfate in high salt wastewater from lead and zinc smelting, an independently designed two membrane-three chamber electrolysis cell was adopted to recover sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. The effects of key factors such as electrolytic cell configuration mode, current density, circulating electrolyte volume, and electrolysis time on the simulated Na2SO4 wastewater were explored, and the electrolysis process was optimized. The treatment effect of electrolysis cell on actual high salt wastewater from lead and zinc smelting was also explored under the optimal process conditions. The results showed that the configuration mode of using cathode chamber and anode chamber separated from the reaction chamber by cation and anion membranes respectively, and selecting titanium-plated ruthenium iridium mesh for anode and titanium mesh for cathode could effectively improve current efficiency. The optimal electrolysis conditions were current density of 60 mA/cm2, circulating electrolyte volume of 400 mL, and electrolysis time of 3 h. The final simulated acid and alkali conversion rate of the wastewater were 7.31% and 7.96%, and the current efficiencies were 59.79% and 75.67%, respectively. The actual wastewater test results further indicated that the composition of wastewater had a significant impact on the acid and alkali conversion rate. The actual alkali conversion rate of wastewater could reach over 5%, but the acid conversion rate fluctuated between 1.96% and 3.99% due to Cl- interference. Treating 1 ton of first effect concentrated solution could generate an economic benefit of 19.4 yuan. The two membrane-three chamber electrolysis cell provided an effective treatment solution for the green treatment and resource utilization of lead and zinc smelting wastewater.

Key words: lead and zinc smelting wastewater, high salt wastewater, sodium sulphate, electrolytic cell, resource utilization

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