Mechanisms of operating parameters and inhibitory factor affecting Anammox bacteria

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0431

Abstract

Abstract:

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation(Anammox) process has demonstrated exceptional advantages and promising application prospects in the field of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment. However, Anammox bacteria are highly sensitive to a diverse range of environmental conditions and susceptible to inhibition caused by various types of pollutants, which significantly hinders the widespread application of the Anammox process. This study provides a comprehensive review of the effects of various process operating parameters and inhibitory factors on Anammox bacteria,along with their mechanisms. The objective is to provide valuable insights for future research and engineering applications of the Anammox process. The significance of pH on the growth and metabolism of Anammox bacteria, as well as the inhibitory effect of free substrates caused by pH changes, should not be underestimated. Additionally, it is worth noting that cold shock proteins can mitigate the adverse consequences of low temperatures on Anammox bacteria to a certain extent. Meanwhile, diverse Anammox bacteria exhibit multiple strategies to effectively withstand oxygen in both natural and engineered ecosystems. Low concentrations of organic compounds facilitate the formation of a robust synergistic relationship between Anammox bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. Notably, one of the primary ways in which Anammox bacteria adapt to salinity stress is by either synthesizing or transporting compatible solutes,or by actively absorbing salt. Low concentrations of heavy metal ions can induce Anammox bacteria to secrete a significant amount of extracellular polymers as a defense mechanism against stress. However, a major portion of the energy generated by Anammox bacteria is allocated towards removing intracellular metal ions.

Key words: Anammox, operating parameters, inhibitory factor, mechanism of action

摘要：

厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）工艺在高氨氮废水处理领域展现了独特的优势和良好的应用前景。然而，Anammox菌对多种环境条件敏感且易受各类污染物抑制，严重制约了Anammox工艺的推广应用。综述了多种工艺运行参数和抑制因子对Anammox菌的影响及其作用机制，以期为Anammox工艺的后续研究和工程应用提供参考。总体上，pH对Anammox菌生长和代谢的直接影响以及pH变化带来的游离基质毒性抑制不容忽视，冷休克蛋白则可以一定程度上消除低温对Anammox菌的负面影响。此外，不同的Anammox菌具有多种策略耐受自然和工程生态系统中的氧气。低浓度的有机物有助于Anammox菌与异养菌形成稳定的协同作用，合成或转运相容性物质或摄入盐分的方式是Anammox菌适应盐度胁迫的主要机制，低浓度的重金属离子刺激Anammox菌分泌大量的胞外聚合物抵御胁迫，且Anammox菌产生的大部分能量被用于去除胞内的金属离子。

关键词: 厌氧氨氧化, 运行参数, 抑制因子, 作用机制

CLC Number:

X703

Kaoming ZHANG, Yuepeng DENG, Jie ZOU, Zhiquan LIU, Chun HU, Zhu WANG. Mechanisms of operating parameters and inhibitory factor affecting Anammox bacteria[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(4): 37-47.

张烤明, 邓岳鹏, 邹杰, 刘志泉, 胡春, 王铸. 运行参数和抑制因子影响厌氧氨氧化菌的作用机制[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(4): 37-47.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0431

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2025/V45/I4/37

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