Effect of high salt and high pressure on the separation performance of PVDF/PA tubular composite membranes

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2021-1048

Abstract

Abstract:

Polyvinylidene fluoride（PVDF） ultrafiltration membranes with three different non-woven fabrics as the support were used as the base membrane， and polyamide（PA） tubular composite nanofiltration membranes were prepared by interfacial polymerization using piperazine as the aqueous phase monomer and trimethyl benzene chloride（TMC） as the organic phase monomer. Na₂SO₄solutions with mass concentrations ranging from 2 000 to 70 000 mg/L were prepared， and PVDF/PA tubular membrane were operated at test pressures of 0.4 to 1.5 MPa. The effects of high salt and high pressure on the separation performance of the tubular composite membrane were investigated. The effects of high pressure on tubular nanofiltration membrane were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and charge test results. The results showed that flux of the tubular nanofiltration membrane increased with the increase of pressure， the decrease of mass concentration of Na₂SO₄solution. The retention rate tended to increase and then decrease with the increase of the operating pressure， and decreased with the increase of the mass concentration of Na₂SO₄ solution. The strength and performance of non-woven fabric also had a great influence on the application performance of tubular nanofiltration membrane. In the raw solution of 2 000-10 000 mg/L， the operating pressure of 0.6 MPa was preferred. In the raw solution of 20 000-70 000 mg/L， the operating pressure of 1.0 MPa was preferred. The operating pressure should not exceed the maximum pressure that the tubular nanofiltration membrane can withstand， but should be higher than the osmotic pressure of sodium sulfate solution in order to better utilize the separation performance of tubular nanofiltration membrane.

Key words: tubular nanofiltration membrane, high concentration salt, industrial wastewater

摘要：

采用3种不同无纺布作为支撑体的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）超滤膜为基膜，以哌嗪为水相单体、均苯三甲基酰氯（TMC）为有机相单体，通过界面聚合的方法制备出聚酰胺（PA）管式复合纳滤膜。配制质量浓度为2 000~70 000 mg/L的Na₂SO₄溶液，在0.4~1.5 MPa的测试压力下运行PVDF/PA管式膜组件，研究高盐与高压对该管式复合膜分离性能的影响，通过扫描电镜和荷电性测试结果分析高压对管式纳滤膜的影响。结果表明，管式纳滤膜的通量随着测试压力的增大、Na₂SO₄溶液质量浓度的减小而增大；截留率则随运行压力的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势，随Na₂SO₄溶液质量浓度的增加而减小；无纺布的强度和性能对管式纳滤膜的应用性能也有很大影响。在2 000~10 000 mg/L的原液中，运行压力最好选择0.6 MPa；在20 000~70 000 mg/L的原液中，运行压力优先选择1.0 MPa。运行压力不能超过管式纳滤膜能承受的最大压力，但要高于硫酸钠溶液的渗透压，才能更好地发挥管式纳滤膜的分离性能。

关键词: 管式纳滤膜, 高浓度盐, 工业废水

CLC Number:

X703
TQ028.8

Shiwei LI, Enhua LIU, Lijuan YANG, Suhao HU. Effect of high salt and high pressure on the separation performance of PVDF/PA tubular composite membranes[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2022, 42(8): 128-135.

李士伟, 刘恩华, 杨利娟, 胡苏皓. 高盐与高压对PVDF/PA管式复合膜分离性能的影响[J]. 工业水处理, 2022, 42(8): 128-135.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2021-1048

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2022/V42/I8/128

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 Separation performance evaluation device for tubular nanofiltration membrane

Fig. 2 Effect of sodium sulfate mass concentration on membrane flux and retention rate under different pressure

Table 1 Osmotic pressure of tubular nanofiltration membranes at different sodium sulfate mass concentrations

硫酸钠质量浓度/（g·L^-1）			渗透压/MPa
管式纳滤膜Ⅰ	管式纳滤膜Ⅱ	管式纳滤膜Ⅲ	渗透压/MPa
9.56	10.09	10.22	0.4
18.79	19.32	19.08	0.6
27.05	27.71	27.38	0.8
28.96	29.58	29.61	1.0
32.97	32.57	32.84	1.2
37.95	35.08	38.40	1.4
40.02	40.14	41.37	1.5

Fig. 3 Effect of pressure on membrane flux and retention rate at different sodium sulfate mass concentrations

Table 2 Pressure corresponding to the highest retention rate of different nanofiltration membrane

硫酸钠质量浓度/（g·L^-1）	压力/ MPa
硫酸钠质量浓度/（g·L^-1）	管式纳滤膜Ⅰ	管式纳滤膜Ⅱ	管式纳滤膜Ⅲ
2	0.8	1.0	1.0
5	0.8	1.2	1.2
10	1.0	1.2	1.2
20	1.2	1.2	1.4
30	1.4	1.4	1.4
70	1.5	1.5	1.5

Fig. 4 Effect of prolonged operation at higher operating pressures on membrane flux and retention rates

Fig. 5 SEM photo of tubular membrane

Table 3 Zeta potential of tubular composite membrane

pH	Zeta电位/mV
pH	PA纳滤膜	1.0 MPa测试后的纳滤膜
9.99	-25.39	-25.99
9.15	-20.34	-20.34
7.89	-19.36	-19.66
6.75	-18.97	-19.53
5.98	-18.86	-19.36
5.14	-18.55	-18.63
4.24	-15.38	-15.75
3.27	-8.87	-8.92
2.52	0.00	0.00
2.31	2.46	2.31

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