Application analysis of MBBR in a wastewater treatment plant of Tibet with low temperature

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-0874

Abstract

Abstract:

Low temperature is a major challenge for the sewage treatment industry in Tibet Autonomous Region. The original designed treatment capacity of a sewage treatment plant in Tibet was 9000 m³/d，and the biological tank adopted AAO process，with the effluent complying with first grade B criteria in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants（GB 18918—2002）. After upgrading and expanding，its treatment capacity reached 15 000 m³/d，and the biological treatment process and tertiary treatment process were AAO+MBBR and magnetic coagulation process，respectively. Even though the influent temperature was lower than 5 ℃ and the heating temperature was lower than 5 ℃，the effluent could steadily meet the first grade A criteria after retrofitting. The ammonia nitrogen（NH₄ ⁺-N） was mainly removed in MBBR tank，and the total nitrogen（TN） was mainly removed in anaerobic-anoxic tank. The denitrifying phosphorus removal were present in system，and it accounted for 29.6% of the biological phosphorus removal. The microbial richness and diversity of biofilm on the suspended carrier were higher than those of activated sludge. The relative abundances of nitrifier of the primary and secondary suspended carrier were 2.86% and 3.76%，respectively，higher than that of activated sludge（0.13%），which was the reason why the NH₄ ⁺-N removal ability of suspended carrier was higher than that of activated sludge. The phosphorus removal bacteria tended to enrich in activated sludge，and their relative abundance of activated sludge was higher than that of biofilm. The direct operating cost of this engineering was 0.473 yuan/m³ after upgrading. The stable operation of this project could provide a reference for the MBBR process application in sewage treatment plant of Tibet in the severe cold region.

Key words: moving-bed biofilm reactor, suspended carriers, severe cold weather, nitrifier, denitrifying phosphorus removal

摘要：

低温环境是西藏自治区污水处理工作面临的重大挑战。西藏某污水处理厂原设计处理规模为9 000 m³/d，采用AAO工艺，出水执行《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB 18918—2002）中的一级B标准。通过升级改造和扩建，处理规模达到15 000 m³/d，改造为AAO+MBBR的生化工艺，深度处理采用磁混凝工艺。改造完成后，在进水水温低于5 ℃、且加温不足5 ℃情况下，出水依然稳定达到一级A标准。其中，NH₄ ⁺-N主要在MBBR区去除，TN主要在厌/缺氧区去除；出现了反硝化除磷现象，其占生物除磷的29.6%；载体生物膜的微生物丰富度和多样性指数高于活性污泥；1级和2级悬浮载体上硝化菌属的相对丰度分别为2.86%和3.76%，高于活性污泥的0.13%，这使得悬浮载体的NH₄ ⁺-N去除能力强于活性污泥。除磷菌属更加倾向于在活性污泥中富集，并表现出相对丰度高于生物膜的现象。项目的直接运行成本为0.473元/m³，且运行稳定，可为MBBR在西藏高寒污水厂的应用提供借鉴。

关键词: 移动床生物膜反应器, 悬浮载体, 严寒气候, 硝化菌, 反硝化除磷

CLC Number:

X703

Zhiwei LI, Zhidong ZHAO, Xueling QI, Weilong ZHANG. Application analysis of MBBR in a wastewater treatment plant of Tibet with low temperature[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2023, 43(8): 185-192.

李志伟, 赵治东, 祁学玲, 张伟龙. MBBR在西藏某污水厂低温环境的应用效果分析[J]. 工业水处理, 2023, 43(8): 185-192.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-0874

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2023/V43/I8/185

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Design water quality of influent and effluent

项目	COD	BOD₅	SS	NH₄ ⁺-N	TN	TP
设计进水	400	200	230	30	45	4
设计出水	50	10	10	5（8）	15	0.5

Fig. 1 The variations of pollutant concentration along process

Fig. 2 The nitrification experiment of activated sludge and suspended carrier

Table 2 Richness and diversity indices of the microbial communities in the activated sludge and biofilm

样品名称	Raw reads	OTUs	Chao1	Shannon	Good’s Coverage
活性污泥	44 314	509	528.2	4.137	0.998
1级悬浮载体	41 139	505	532.2	4.413	0.998
2级悬浮载体	49 435	567	587.6	4.469	0.998

Fig. 3 Venn diagram of activated sludge and biofilm

Fig. 4 Relative abundance distribution at phylum level

Fig. 5 Relative abundance distribution at genus level

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