Research progress on desalination treatment technology and resource utilization of saline organic wastewater in petroleum and petrochemical industry

Abstract

Abstract:

Fresh water is in short supply increasingly. There is a huge contradiction between the available water resources and the demand for water. Large amounts of water resources are consumed in the process of oil and gas exploitation and oil refining. Meanwhile，a mass of saline organic wastewater is generated in the production process. Therefore，wastewater treatment and recycling are economic means to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in petroleum and petrochemical industry. The research progress of desalination treatment technology of saline organic wastewater was reviewed. Moreover，the application potential of thermal evaporation concentration，ion exchange，membrane separation and related combined technology in the treatment of petroleum and petrochemical saline organic wastewater and recycling was comprehensively analyzed.

Key words: petroleum and petrochemical, saline organic wastewater, desalination, recycling

摘要：

淡水资源日益短缺，可用水资源与水需求之间存在巨大矛盾。油气开采和石油炼制过程中要消耗大量水资源，同时伴生大量高含盐有机废水，因此，废水处理及资源回用是解决石油石化行业水资源供需矛盾的重要手段。综述了含盐有机废水脱盐处理技术的研究进展，分析了热蒸发浓缩技术、离子交换技术和膜分离技术以及相关组合工艺处理石油石化含盐有机废水与资源再利用的潜力。

关键词: 石油石化, 含盐有机废水, 脱盐, 资源化

CLC Number:

X703

Jingze HU, Qingji WANG, Lin GAN, Jiacai XIE, Yilin WANG. Research progress on desalination treatment technology and resource utilization of saline organic wastewater in petroleum and petrochemical industry[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(1): 32-43.

胡景泽, 王庆吉, 甘霖, 谢加才, 王毅霖. 石油石化含盐有机废水脱盐处理技术及资源化研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(1): 32-43.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I1/32

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References 113

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技术名称		技术特点		适用范围
技术名称		优点	缺点	适用范围
热蒸发	多级闪蒸	设备简单、预处理简单、产水量大	投资成本高、体积大、能耗高（总能耗12.5~38.6 kW·h/t）	高含盐水浓缩
	多效蒸发	工艺成熟、处理快、预处理简单	投资及运行成本高、体积大、易结垢、能耗高（总能耗8~10.5 kW·h/t）	高含盐水浓缩
	机械蒸汽再压缩	热效率更高、占地面积小	投资及运行成本高、设备易腐蚀、易结垢	高含盐水浓缩
	膜蒸馏	脱盐效率高、出水水质好	投资成本高、热能利用率、系统稳定性低	中、高浓度含盐水浓缩，有机物、离子分离
离子交换		去除率高、设备简易、容易操作	活化再生药剂成本高、二次污染	低浓度、单一杂质去除
膜分离	反渗透	较热蒸发技术能耗低（3~7.5 kW·h/t）	膜污染	全浓度含盐水，有机物、离子分离
	纳滤	能耗较低（2~5 kW·h/t）、具有离子选择性	膜污染、离子选择性受离子价态影响	中、低浓度含盐水，离子选择性分离
	电渗析	具有离子选择性	不截留有机物、电耗高（5~8 kW·h/t）	中、低浓度含盐水，离子选择性分离

技术名称		技术特点		适用范围
技术名称		优点	缺点	适用范围
热蒸发	多级闪蒸	设备简单、预处理简单、产水量大	投资成本高、体积大、能耗高（总能耗12.5~38.6 kW·h/t）	高含盐水浓缩
	多效蒸发	工艺成熟、处理快、预处理简单	投资及运行成本高、体积大、易结垢、能耗高（总能耗8~10.5 kW·h/t）	高含盐水浓缩
	机械蒸汽再压缩	热效率更高、占地面积小	投资及运行成本高、设备易腐蚀、易结垢	高含盐水浓缩
	膜蒸馏	脱盐效率高、出水水质好	投资成本高、热能利用率、系统稳定性低	中、高浓度含盐水浓缩，有机物、离子分离
离子交换		去除率高、设备简易、容易操作	活化再生药剂成本高、二次污染	低浓度、单一杂质去除
膜分离	反渗透	较热蒸发技术能耗低（3~7.5 kW·h/t）	膜污染	全浓度含盐水，有机物、离子分离
	纳滤	能耗较低（2~5 kW·h/t）、具有离子选择性	膜污染、离子选择性受离子价态影响	中、低浓度含盐水，离子选择性分离
	电渗析	具有离子选择性	不截留有机物、电耗高（5~8 kW·h/t）	中、低浓度含盐水，离子选择性分离

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