Preparation of magnetic foam concrete/biochar ceramsite and its adsorption performance for Cd(Ⅱ)

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0200

Abstract

Abstract:

Magnetic foam concrete/biochar(MSCB) ceramsites were prepared by using solid wastes such as red mud, desulfurization gypsum, carbide slag and aluminum slag, magnetite and corn straw-based activated carbon as raw materials. The phase composition, microstructure and elemental composition of MSCB ceramsites were characterized. The Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption performance of MSCB ceramsites was evaluated, and the adsorption mechanism was proposed. The results showed that MSCB ceramsites exhibited excellent Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption capacity. Under the conditions of initial Cd(Ⅱ) concentration of 700 mg/L, initial pH of 4.0, adsorption temperature of 298 K and adsorption time of 1 440 min, the removal rate and adsorption capacity of Cd(Ⅱ) by MSCB ceramsites were 96.46% and 30.72 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. It was a spontaneous endothermic reaction, mainly chemical adsorption. The adsorption mechanism of Cd(Ⅱ) by MSCB ceramsites mainly included chemical complexation, metal cation-π bonding, chemical precipitation and physical adsorption. No heavy metal was detected in the leaching solution after adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ) by MSCB ceramsite, indicating that MSCB ceramsite was an environmentally friendly and safe adsorption material. MSCB ceramsites had the characteristics of wide source of raw materials, low price and green environmental protection, and achieved the purpose of “green economy” and “treating waste with waste”. The good adsorption performance under acidic conditions makes MSCB ceramsites have potential applications in the field of acidic heavy metal wastewater treatment.

Key words: solid waste, biochar, ceramsite adsorbent, sulphoaluminate cement, cadmium

摘要：

以赤泥、脱硫石膏、电石渣和铝渣等固体废弃物以及磁铁矿和玉米秸秆基活性炭为原料制备了磁性泡沫混凝土/生物炭（MSCB）陶粒，表征了MSCB陶粒的物相组成、微观形貌和元素组成，评价了MSCB陶粒对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附性能，提出了吸附机制。研究表明，MSCB陶粒对Cd（Ⅱ）表现出优异的吸附能力，在Cd（Ⅱ）初始质量浓度为700 mg/L，初始pH为4.0，吸附温度为298 K和吸附时间为1 440 min的条件下，MSCB陶粒对Cd（Ⅱ）的去除率和吸附量分别为96.46%和30.72 mg/g。该吸附过程符合准二级反应动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型，是一个自发的吸热反应，主要为化学吸附机制。MSCB陶粒吸附Cd（Ⅱ）的机制主要包括化学络合、金属阳离子-π键作用、化学沉淀和物理吸附。MSCB陶粒吸附Cd（Ⅱ）后浸出液未检出重金属，说明MSCB陶粒是一种环保安全的吸附材料。MSCB陶粒具有原料来源广泛、价格低廉和绿色环保的特点，达到了“绿色经济”和“以废治废”的目的，且酸性条件下良好的吸附性能使得MSCB陶粒在酸性重金属废水处理领域具有潜在的应用前景。

关键词: 固体废弃物, 生物炭, 陶粒吸附剂, 硫铝酸盐水泥, 镉

CLC Number:

X703.1
TQ424

Hui WANG, Jia LIU. Preparation of magnetic foam concrete/biochar ceramsite and its adsorption performance for Cd(Ⅱ)[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2026, 46(2): 122-132.

王慧, 刘佳. 磁性泡沫混凝土/生物炭陶粒的制备及对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附性能[J]. 工业水处理, 2026, 46(2): 122-132.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0200

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2026/V46/I2/122

Figures/Tables 17

References 32

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T/K	Langmuir模型				Freundlich模型
T/K	q _m	K _L	R ²	离散系数	n	K _F	R ²	离散系数
298	43.94	0.069 8	0.969 1	0.034 2	12.06	26.574 1	0.897 8	0.056 8
308	53.43	0.234 6	0.911 1		30.21	43.333 2	0.848 2
318	63.52	0.265 1	0.917 2		27.60	51.276 8	0.801 4

T/K	Langmuir模型				Freundlich模型
T/K	q _m	K _L	R ²	离散系数	n	K _F	R ²	离散系数
298	43.94	0.069 8	0.969 1	0.034 2	12.06	26.574 1	0.897 8	0.056 8
308	53.43	0.234 6	0.911 1		30.21	43.333 2	0.848 2
318	63.52	0.265 1	0.917 2		27.60	51.276 8	0.801 4

T/K	ΔH/（kJ·mol^-1）	ΔS/（kJ·mol^-1·K^-1）	ΔG/（kJ·mol^-1）
298	52.01	0.21	-10.52
308	52.01	0.21	-14.10
318	52.01	0.21	-14.74

T/K	ΔH/（kJ·mol^-1）	ΔS/（kJ·mol^-1·K^-1）	ΔG/（kJ·mol^-1）
298	52.01	0.21	-10.52
308	52.01	0.21	-14.10
318	52.01	0.21	-14.74

吸附材料	重金属质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）
吸附材料	Cr	Zn	Pb	Ni	Co	Cu	Cd
MSCB陶粒	0.077 1	0.019 8	0.014 1	0.012 0	0.006 1	2.243 1	ND
MSCB陶粒吸附后	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND

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