摘要：

印染行业是我国工业的重要组成部分，对国民经济发展具有重要支撑作用。由此产生的印染废水是工业废水的主要来源之一，排放量大、色度高、可生化性差、污染物组成复杂、水质波动大、难以处理。印染废水处理不当或不达标时，排放后可能危害水生态环境和人体健康。因此，印染废水的排放标准日趋严格。研究了苯胺对活性污泥去除印染废水中COD和NH₃-N的影响特性。结果表明，苯胺可显著抑制COD和NH₃-N的去除。在进水COD为382 mg/L、NH₃-N为7.1 mg/L条件下，当苯胺由0.4 mg/L升至5.4 mg/L时，COD去除率由84%降低至42%，NH₃-N去除率由74%降低至17%。混凝可去除生化反应出水的COD，但难以去除苯胺。当苯胺质量浓度为1.9 mg/L时，经好氧活性污泥—混凝（投加100 mg/L FeCl₃）处理后，出水COD可达标。为保障水质达标，推荐将好氧活性污泥进水苯胺控制在2 mg/L左右。

关键词: 苯胺, 活性污泥, 印染废水

Abstract:

Printing and dyeing industry is an important part of China's industry and plays a supporting role in the development of national economy. The printing and dyeing wastewater is one of the main sources of industrial wastewater, with large discharge, high chroma, poor biodegradability, complex pollutant composition, high fluctuation of water quality, and difficult to be treated. When printing and dyeing wastewater is treated improperly or not up to the standard, it may endanger the aquatic ecological environment and human health. Therefore, the discharge standard of printing and dyeing wastewater is becoming increasingly strict. The effect of aniline on the removal of chemical oxygen demand(COD) and ammonia nitrogen(NH₃-N) from printing and dyeing wastewater by activated sludge was studied. It was found that aniline could significantly inhibit the removal of COD and NH₃-N. Under the conditions of COD 382 mg/L and ammonia nitrogen 7.1 mg/L in the influent, when the aniline concentration increased from 0.4 mg/L to 5.4 mg/L, the COD removal rate decreased from 84% to 42%, and NH₃-N removal rate decreased from 74% to 17%. Coagulation could further remove COD in the effluent of biochemical reactions, but it was difficult to remove aniline. When the aniline mass concentration was 1.9 mg/L, after aerobic activated sludge-coagulation(adding 100 mg/L FeCl₃) treatment, the COD in the effluent can reached the discharge standard. In order to ensure that the water quality meets the standard, it was recommended to control the influent aniline concentration of aerobic activated sludge at about 2 mg/L.

Key words: aniline, activated sludge, printing and dyeing wastewater

中图分类号: 

• X703