摘要：

磁性纳米粒子介导分离（MMI）技术无需对底物进行标记即可从复杂微生物系统中分离具有活性的功能微生物菌株/菌群，是筛选获取特定功能微生物并丰富完善微生物种质资源的有力工具。针对印染废水特征污染物壬基酚（NP）的污染问题，基于MMI技术进行功能微生物驯化富集与筛选识别，构建了NP关键降解功能菌群，并评估了其对实际印染废水中NP的去除效能。结果表明，驯化污泥中假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、水形杆菌属（Undibacterium）、贪铜菌属（Cupriavidus）、unclassified_Enterobacteriaceae和Clostridium_sensu_stricto被识别为NP降解关键功能菌属。通过纯培养筛选获得5株NP降解关键功能菌，其对NP降解率均在70%以上；通过筛选菌株构建了NP降解复合功能菌群，其对NP降解率可达96.87%，最佳应用条件为pH 6.87、温度30.16 ℃、摇床转速141.57 r/min。复合菌群对实际废水中低质量浓度NP（1 mg/L）的降解过程符合一级动力学反应模型，NP半衰期为（7.69±0.05） h；对高质量浓度NP（200 mg/L）的降解过程符合零级动力学反应模型，NP半衰期为（3.11±0.11） d。复合菌群处理可显著降低实际废水的急性毒性和类雌激素效应。

关键词: 印染废水, 壬基酚, 磁性纳米颗粒介导分离, 复合菌群构建, 生物降解

Abstract:

Magnetic-nanoparticle mediated isolation (MMI) technology can separate living active functional microbes from complex microbiota without substrate labeling, which is a powerful tool for the sorting and enrichment of specific functional microorganisms. In this paper, based on the enrichment, acclimation, screening and identification of aerobic activated sludge from different dyeing and printing plants by MMI technology, the key functional bacteria/groups for nonylphenol (NP) degradation were constructed, and their degradation effects on NP in actual dyeing and printing wastewater were evaluated for solving the pollution problem of NP in printing and dyeing wastewater. The results showed that Pseudomonas, Undibacterium, Cupriavidus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto and unclassified_Enterobacteriaceae were identified as the key functional bacteria for NP degradation in domesticated sludge. Five strains belonging to the key function of NP-degradation were screened, and their NP degradation rates were above 70%. The NP degradation rate of NP-degrading complex functional flora constructed by screened strains was 96.87%. The optimal application conditions of NP-degrading complex functional flora were pH 6.87, temperature 30.16 ℃ and rotating speed 141.57 r/min. The degradation process of low mass concentration NP (1 mg/L) in the actual wastewater by the complex functional flora was in accordance with the first order kinetics model, and the half-life of NP was (7.69±0.05) h. The degradation process of high mass concentration NP (200 mg/L) was in accordance with the zero order kinetics model, and the half-life of NP was (3.11±0.11) d. Therefore, the acute toxicity and estrogenic effect were significantly reduced during the treatment of actual wastewater by the complex functional flora.

Key words: printing and dyeing wastewater, nonylphenol, magnetic-nanoparticle mediated isolation, construction of complex flora, biodegradation

中图分类号: 

• X703