我国工业冷却水处理技术发展回顾与展望

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2021-0620

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

40年来我国工业冷却水处理技术得到快速发展，在工业节水、中水回用、安全生产和节能减排等方面发挥了重要的作用。从冷却水处理工艺、水处理化学品、水系统监控技术等方面综述了工业冷却水处理技术的发展历程，提出注重结合水科学的基础研究成果，促进水处理应用技术水平的提高。从新领域、新药剂、新技术和智慧水务等方面对冷却水处理技术进行了展望，着重对分子层次的药剂机理研究、物理除/防垢技术和电化学技术等进行了评述，同时提出了工业冷却水处理系统智慧化的途径，并在此基础上，指出冷却水处理的技术创新任重道远。

关键词: 冷却水处理, 工业节水, 水处理化学品, 物理防垢

Abstract:

Over the past 40 years, China's industrial cooling water treatment technology has developed rapidly and played an important role in industrial water saving, reclaimed water reuse, safe production, energy saving and emission reduction. This paper reviewed the development of industrial cooling water treatment technology from the aspects of cooling water treatment process, water treatment agents and water system monitoring technology, and proposed to pay attention to the basic research results of water science and promoted the improvement of application technology. The prospect of cooling water treatment technology in new fields, new chemical agents, new technologies and smart water management system was presented, especially on mechanism of chemical agents at molecular level, physical scale removal/prevention technology and electrochemical technology. On this basis, it is pointed out that there is still a long way to go in the technological innovation of cooling water treatment.

Key words: cooling water treatment, industrial water-saving, water treatment chemicals, physical antifouling

中图分类号:

TQ085

杨文忠,尹晓爽,陈云,刘瑛. 我国工业冷却水处理技术发展回顾与展望[J]. 工业水处理, 2021, 41(9): 1-10.

Wenzhong Yang,Xiaoshuang Yin,Yun Chen,Ying Liu. Review and prospect of the development of industrial cooling water treatment technology in China[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2021, 41(9): 1-10.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I9/1

图/表 6

参考文献 89

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类别		品种
氧化性杀生剂	氯基杀生剂	氯气、次氯酸钠、次氯酸钙、二氯异氰尿酸、三氯异氰尿酸钠、二氯二甲基海因、1-氯-3-乙胺基-5-叔丁基胺基-均三嗪
	溴基杀生剂	溴化钠/（氯气、次氯酸钠、氯化异氰尿酸、臭氧）、溴/氯溴、稳定性溴溶液、固体释溴物
	二氧化氯	现场发生与稳定性二氧化氯
	过氧化物	过氧化氢与过氧乙酸
	臭氧	现场发生
非氧化性杀生剂	亲电子剂	醛类化合物（丙烯醛、水氧醛、戊二醛）、异噻唑啉酮类化合物（2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、5-氯-2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮）、有机溴（溴代羟基苯乙酮、二溴次氮基丙酰胺）、有机硫化合物（二硫氰基甲烷、硫代氨基甲酸盐、硫代氰酸类化合物）、2-癸硫基乙胺盐酸盐
	溶解膜的化合物	季铵盐类（季铵盐及聚季铵盐）、季膦盐类、胍类、β-胺、酚类化合物（氯酚）、表面活性剂
	亲质子剂	有机弱酸、吡啶类、对苯类化合物

类别		品种
氧化性杀生剂	氯基杀生剂	氯气、次氯酸钠、次氯酸钙、二氯异氰尿酸、三氯异氰尿酸钠、二氯二甲基海因、1-氯-3-乙胺基-5-叔丁基胺基-均三嗪
	溴基杀生剂	溴化钠/（氯气、次氯酸钠、氯化异氰尿酸、臭氧）、溴/氯溴、稳定性溴溶液、固体释溴物
	二氧化氯	现场发生与稳定性二氧化氯
	过氧化物	过氧化氢与过氧乙酸
	臭氧	现场发生
非氧化性杀生剂	亲电子剂	醛类化合物（丙烯醛、水氧醛、戊二醛）、异噻唑啉酮类化合物（2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、5-氯-2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮）、有机溴（溴代羟基苯乙酮、二溴次氮基丙酰胺）、有机硫化合物（二硫氰基甲烷、硫代氨基甲酸盐、硫代氰酸类化合物）、2-癸硫基乙胺盐酸盐
	溶解膜的化合物	季铵盐类（季铵盐及聚季铵盐）、季膦盐类、胍类、β-胺、酚类化合物（氯酚）、表面活性剂
	亲质子剂	有机弱酸、吡啶类、对苯类化合物

螯合剂	ATMP	HEDP	PBTCA	NTA	EDTA
N（=O）距离/nm	0.404 5			0.364 1	0.328 0
N（-O）距离/nm				0.284 3	0.305 3
1N-7N距离/nm					0.322 3
P（=O）距离/nm		0.491 0	0.495 0

螯合剂	ATMP	HEDP	PBTCA	NTA	EDTA
N（=O）距离/nm	0.404 5			0.364 1	0.328 0
N（-O）距离/nm				0.284 3	0.305 3
1N-7N距离/nm					0.322 3
P（=O）距离/nm		0.491 0	0.495 0

晶面	（104）	（110）	（001）
距离1/nm	0.404 8	0.404 8	0.490 0
距离2/nm	0.490 0	0.404 8	0.490 0

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