填料电加热强化低温下厌氧氨氧化脱氮效能研究

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2021-0093

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取热裂解废弃轮胎作为生物填料，通过对填料外加低电压形成并联的方式，研究了新型电加热填料法对低温下UASB厌氧氨氧化脱氮效能的强化作用。实验结果表明，相较传统加热方式，填料电加热缩短了热传质途径，提高了微生物环境温度，进而提高了脱氮效能。在10℃的低温环境下，填料电加热方法能够将厌氧氨氧化的总氮去除率由16.9%提高至74.9%，填料周围温度能够稳定维持在（32±2）℃的范围内，更适合微生物代谢和生长。相较于传统外部电加热丝方式，填料电加热对于能量的利用率提高了17.5%。此外，通电过程中轮胎内芯的铁单质会以Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺的形式释放至水环境中，促进了铁氨氧化、铁氧化和自养反硝化等反应的发生，丰富了脱氮路径。填料电加热技术可为低温生物脱氮领域提供新的研究方向，具有较强的应用前景。

关键词: 低温生物脱氮, 厌氧氨氧化, 铁氨氧化, 填料电加热, 废弃轮胎

Abstract:

Using pyrolysis waste tire as biological filler, the enhancement effect of a new electric heating filler method on anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification of UASB at low temperature was studied by adding low voltage to the filler to form a parallel connection. The experimental results showed that compared with the traditional heating method, the electric heating of filler shortened the heat mass transfer path, improved the microbial ambient temperature, and then improved the denitrification efficiency. Under the low temperature environment of 10℃, the filler electric heating method could increase the total nitrogen removal rate of anaerobic ammonia oxidation from 16.9% to 74.9%. The temperature around the filler could be stably maintained in the range of (32±2)℃, which was more suitable for microbial metabolism and growth. Compared with the traditional external electric heating wire method, the energy utilization rate of filler electric heating increased 17.5%. In addition, the iron in the tire core was released into the water environment in the form of Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ during power on, which promoted the occurrence of iron ammonia oxidation, iron oxidation and autotrophic denitrification, and enriches the denitrification path. The filler electric heating technology can provide a new research direction for the field of low-temperature biological nitrogen removal, and has a strong application prospect.

Key words: low-temperature biological nitrogen removal, Anammox, Feammox, electric heating filler, waste tire

中图分类号:

X703

谢飞,赵博玮,周爱娟,岳秀萍. 填料电加热强化低温下厌氧氨氧化脱氮效能研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2021, 41(10): 54-60.

Fei XIE,Bowei ZHAO,Aijuan ZHOU,Xiuping YUE. Enhancing the nitrogen removal of anammox at low temperature by electric heating of filler[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2021, 41(10): 54-60.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I10/54

图/表 6

图1 UASB反应示意
1—进水桶；2—蠕动泵；3—电加热丝温度控制器；4—轮胎填料温度控制器；5—吸附有微生物的轮胎填料；6—出水口；7—废弃轮胎；8—轮胎表层橡胶；9—轮胎内心钢网。

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of UASB

图2 UASB反应器氮素去除效果

Fig.2 Nitrogen removal effects of UASB reactor

表1 反应器在不同阶段的氮去除效果

Table 1 Nitrogen removal effect of the reactors at different stages

阶段	运行时间/d	R1				R2
阶段	运行时间/d	NH₄⁺-N平均去除率/%	NO₂^--N平均去除率/%	平均出水NO₃^--N/（mg·L^-1）	TN平均去除率/%	NH₄⁺-N平均去除率/%	NO₂^--N平均去除率/%	平均出水NO₃^--N/（mg·L^-1）	TN平均去除率/%
Ⅰ	1~10	69.2	58.5	12.9	68.7	70.3	59.2	11.6	69.0
Ⅱ	11~20	14.7	11.6	1.8	13.8	16.9	12.3	1.7	15.1
Ⅲ	21~25	48.8	52.6	3.8	52.5	44.7	38.2	6.1	43.8
Ⅳ	26~35	74.2	72.3	4.1	74.9	70.0	56.7	11.1	67.3

表2 反应器内不同阶段pH、Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺浓度、FA和FNA浓度的变化

Table 2 Variation of pH, Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ concentration, FA and FNA concentrations in reactors at different stages

反应器	阶段	出水pH	平均Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）	平均FA质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）		平均FNA质量浓度/（μg·L^-1）
反应器	阶段	出水pH	平均Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）	进水	出水	进水	出水
R1	Ⅰ	7.77	0	0.97	0.40	0.97	10.58
	Ⅱ	7.07	0		0.22		111.67
	Ⅲ	7.16	17.95/7.40	0.22	0.39	149.97	33.11
	Ⅳ	7.45	10.33/6.22		0.41		10.37
R2	Ⅰ	7.85	0	0.97	0.46	0.97	8.71
	Ⅱ	7.09			0.23		105.73
	Ⅲ	7.33		0.22	1.21	149.97	23.02
	Ⅳ	7.67			1.46		7.69

图3 反应器R1的生化脱氮路径

Fig.3 Bio-chemical nitrogen removal path of reactor R1

图4 污泥群落分析结果
（a）样本OTUs与Shannon曲线；（b）细菌群落的门级分布；（c）属级丰度

Fig.4 Analysis results of sludge community

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