摘要：

从系统构成、工艺设计、运行特性等方面对北京市经济技术开发区再生水高标准处理与工业利用工程进行了系统分析。该工程采用微滤-反渗透（双膜）工艺处理城市污水厂二级出水，生产纯水供给开发区内工业企业。为了控制进水中微生物导致的反渗透膜生物污堵，再生水厂采用氯消毒作为预处理以杀灭进水中的微生物。运行数据的分析结果表明，氯消毒预处理虽然能够有效灭活进水中的微生物，但却不能有效控制反渗透膜生物污堵。将预处理工艺改造为氯-紫外线组合消毒预处理后，反渗透膜污堵得到有效控制。反渗透系统平均进水压力由改造前的1.0 MPa降低至0.9 MPa，运行最高压力由超过1.4 MPa降低至1.2 MPa以下；化学清洗间隔由1~2个月增加至2~3个月，工艺效能得到了显著提高，吨水电耗、药耗降低约22%。

关键词: 再生水, 反渗透, 膜污堵, 生物污堵, 消毒预处理

Abstract:

The high standard treatment and industrial utilization project of reclaimed water in Beijing economic and technological development zone was analyzed systematically from the aspects of system composition，process design and operation characteristics. In this project，microfiltration-reverse osmosis（MF-RO） process was used to treat secondary effluent of municipal wastewater treatment plant，and pure water was produced for industrial enterprises in the development zone. In order to prevent biofouling of RO membranes caused by microbes in the feed water，the reclaimed water plant used chlorine disinfection to inactivate microbes. However，the analysis showed that the biofouling of RO membranes couldn’t be effectively prevented by chlorine disinfection pretreatment. After using chlorine-ultraviolet combined disinfection as pretreatment，RO membrane fouling was controlled to some extent. The average value of influent pressure of RO was reduced from 1.0 MPa to 0.9 MPa，and the highest pressure was reduced from 1.4 MPa to below 1.2 MPa. The chemical cleaning interval was increased from 1-2 months to 2-3 months. The process efficiency was significantly improved，and the electricity and chemical consumption per ton of water was reduced by about 22%.

Key words: reclaimed water, reverse osmosis, membrane fouling, biofouling, disinfection pretreatment

中图分类号: 

• X703.1