摘要：

磷是生命活动的必需元素，也是导致湖泊水体富营养化的关键营养元素。工业废水和生活污水中常含有大量的磷，需经过处理后方可排放或回用。因此，对污水中的总磷含量进行监测十分必要。建立了微波消解－电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）测定污水中总磷的方法。水样经硫酸钾和硫酸微波消解后，在多谱拟合技术（MSF）模式下采用ICP-OES法测定水中总磷。最佳测量条件：射频功率为1 400 W，等离子气流量为15.0 L/min，雾化气流量为0.65 L/min，辅助气流量为0.2 L/min，蠕动泵流速为1.5 mL/min，观测高度15 mm，观测方式为轴向，分析谱线为P 213.617 nm。磷的线性范围为0~50 mg/L，检出限（3.143 s）为0.01 mg/L，加标回收率在98.0%～100.5%，水样测定值的RSD（n=6）为0.43%～5.71%，标准溶液测定结果的相对误差在-1.04%～0.80%。

关键词: 微波消解, 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法, 总磷

Abstract:

As an essential element for life activities， phosphorus is also a key nutrient that causes eutrophication in waters. Industrial wastewater and domestic sewage contain large amounts of phosphorus that need to be treated before discharge or reuse. It is necessary to determine the total phosphorus content in wastewater. A microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry（ICP-OES） was developed to determine total phosphorus in wastewater. After microwave digestion of water samples with potassium sulfate and sulfuric acid， the content of total phosphorus in water was determined by ICP-OES under MSF mode. Optimal measurement conditions were RF power of 1 400 W， plasma gas flow rate of 15.0 L/min， atomizing gas flow rate of 0.65 L/min， auxiliary gas flow rate of 0.2 L/min， peristaltic pump flow rate of 1.5 mL/min， observation height of 15 mm， observation mode of axial direction， and analysis spectral line of P 213.617 nm. The linear range of phosphorus was 0-50 mg/L， the detection limit（3.143 s） was 0.01 mg/L， the recovery rate was in the range of 98.0%-100.5%， the relative standard deviation （n=6） of sample was 0.43%-5.71%， and the relative error of standard solutions was in the range of -1.04%-0.80%.

Key words: microwave digestion, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, total phosphorus

中图分类号: 

• X832