氨氧化共代谢强化去除药物类污染物研究进展

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-0012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综述了利用氨氧化共代谢强化去除药物类污染物的研究现状，介绍了相关的微生物及其功能性酶对不同目标污染物的转化能力与转化机理，并分析了一些重要的影响因素及相应的控制策略。结果表明，与生长代谢途径相比，氨氧化共代谢在去除高毒性或难降解药物类污染物时具有明显优势。在合适的范围内，多种药物的降解速率与氨氮负荷呈正相关；当氨氧化受到抑制时，多种药物的去除率出现了不同程度的下降。同时也有研究发现某些共代谢产物具有比母体化合物更强的生态毒性或持久性。在工程应用中，氨氧化共代谢对药物类污染物的降解能力受多种因素的影响，如废水水质、工艺条件和微生物种群等。后续研究应关注药物代谢中间产物的生态风险评估，以及通过优化处理工艺和运行参数实现氨氮和药物污染物的同步高效去除。

关键词: 共代谢, 氨氧化微生物, 药物污染

Abstract:

The research status of enhanced removal of pharmaceuticals by ammonia oxidation co-metabolism was reviewed，and the transformation ability and mechanism of related microbes and their functional enzymes to different target pollutants were introduced. Some significant influencing factors and corresponding control strategies were analyzed. The results showed that compared with metabolism，ammonia oxidation co-metabolism had obvious advantages in the removal of highly toxic or refractory pharmaceuticals. In an appropriate range，the degradation rate of many kinds of pharmaceuticals was positively correlated with ammonia nitrogen load，and decreased in varying degrees when ammonia oxidation was inhibited. Furthermore，it had been found that some co-metabolites had stronger ecotoxicity or persistence than parent compounds. In engineering application，the ability of ammonia oxidation co-metabolism to degrade pharmaceutical pollutants was affected by many factors，such as wastewater characteristics，process conditions and microbial population. In the follow-up research，attention should be paid to the ecological risk assessment of pharmaceutical metabolites，and the simultaneous and efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen and pharmaceutical pollutants by optimizing the treatment process and operation parameters.

Key words: co-metabolism, ammonia oxidizing microbes, pharmaceutical pollution

中图分类号:

X703

许怀浩, 王铸, 邓岳鹏, 胡春. 氨氧化共代谢强化去除药物类污染物研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2023, 43(2): 23-32.

Huaihao XU, Zhu WANG, Yuepeng DENG, Chun HU. Research progress on enhanced removal of pharmaceutical pollutants by ammonia oxidation co-metabolism[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2023, 43(2): 23-32.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I2/23

图/表 4

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药物类型	药物名称	降解速率系数K_bio/（L·g^-1·d^-1）
药物类型	药物名称	共代谢	内源呼吸
β受体阻滞剂	阿替洛尔	2.018	—
	普萘洛尔	0.596	0.098
	美托洛尔	0.442	0.070
	地尔硫卓	0.268	0.112
非甾体抗炎药	非诺洛芬	1.298	—
	酮洛芬	0.698	0.071
	双氯芬酸	—	0.041
	萘普生	0.325	0.044
	甲芬那酸	0.046	0.053
	吲哚美辛	0.024	0.081
磺胺类	磺胺地索辛	0.129	0.038
	磺胺间甲氧嘧啶	0.026	0.063
	磺胺甲基嘧啶	0.033	0.048
	磺胺嘧啶	0.053	0.042
	磺胺噻唑	0.097	0.077
	磺胺甲唑	0.058	0.102
林可霉素类	林可霉素	0.194	0.027
林可霉素类	甲氧苄啶	0.047	0.031
氯霉素类	甲砜霉素	1.839	—
降血脂药	苯扎贝特	0.251	0.048
降血脂药	氯贝酸	—	0.019
利尿剂	呋塞米	0.672	0.140
止痒剂	克罗米通	—	0.004
驱虫剂	避蚊胺（DEET）	—	0.008
其他	2-喹喔啉羧酸（2QCA）	0.047	0.064

药物类型	药物名称	降解速率系数K_bio/（L·g^-1·d^-1）
药物类型	药物名称	共代谢	内源呼吸
β受体阻滞剂	阿替洛尔	2.018	—
	普萘洛尔	0.596	0.098
	美托洛尔	0.442	0.070
	地尔硫卓	0.268	0.112
非甾体抗炎药	非诺洛芬	1.298	—
	酮洛芬	0.698	0.071
	双氯芬酸	—	0.041
	萘普生	0.325	0.044
	甲芬那酸	0.046	0.053
	吲哚美辛	0.024	0.081
磺胺类	磺胺地索辛	0.129	0.038
	磺胺间甲氧嘧啶	0.026	0.063
	磺胺甲基嘧啶	0.033	0.048
	磺胺嘧啶	0.053	0.042
	磺胺噻唑	0.097	0.077
	磺胺甲唑	0.058	0.102
林可霉素类	林可霉素	0.194	0.027
林可霉素类	甲氧苄啶	0.047	0.031
氯霉素类	甲砜霉素	1.839	—
降血脂药	苯扎贝特	0.251	0.048
降血脂药	氯贝酸	—	0.019
利尿剂	呋塞米	0.672	0.140
止痒剂	克罗米通	—	0.004
驱虫剂	避蚊胺（DEET）	—	0.008
其他	2-喹喔啉羧酸（2QCA）	0.047	0.064

[1]	张为, 罗建中, 苏德强, 杨建林, 张砾文. 微生物共代谢降解难降解废水影响因素的研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2013, 33(3): 9-13.
[2]	李莹, 朱文亭, 潘艳艳. 共代谢在制药废水好氧处理中的应用研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2004, 24(12): 31-33.

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