工业水处理 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 206-212. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-0976

• 经验交流 • 上一篇    下一篇

北方低温仿自然湿地脱氮除磷强化净化技术应用

王文冬(), 王利军, 高晓薇, 刘学燕, 龙元源, 赵佑, 蔡婷婷, 王慧   

  1. 北京市水利规划设计研究院,北京 100048
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-10 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-09-25
  • 作者简介:

    王文冬(1987— ),硕士研究生,高级工程师。电话:18810052488,E-mail:

Application of enhanced purification technology for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in low-temperature natural simulated wetland in northern China

Wendong WANG(), Lijun WANG, Xiaowei GAO, Xueyan LIU, Yuanyuan LONG, You ZHAO, Tingting CAI, Hui WANG   

  1. Beijing Institute of Water,Beijing 100048,China
  • Received:2023-07-10 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-09-25

摘要:

为强化湿地系统的脱氮除磷效果,构建具有“预处理区+主处理区+后处理区”的多生境仿自然湿地系统,辅以底质调节缓释除磷措施,形成良好的厌氧/缺氧/好氧微生环境,同时为提升湿地系统的冬季运行效果,项目对湿地系统的填料床结构、菌群/植物配置以及低温运行模式进行了优化。结果表明,多生境仿自然系统湿地系统内部能够形成良好的厌氧/缺氧/好氧交替的微生环境,通过辅助添加土壤/生石灰缓释除磷填料,可进一步提高系统的除磷效果;通过采取填料床表层保温材料覆盖、低温冰下低水位运行技术措施,能够将冰下温度控制在2~3 ℃,可进一步发挥耐低温植物/微生物的水质净化功能,综合提升低温条件下的湿地出水效果;研究成果应用于官厅八号桥仿自然湿地,对低温季节上游来水中TN、TP的去除率分别为47.78%、51.67%,有效突破了传统湿地氮、磷污染物净化水平有限、冬季低温条件下湿地出水达标运行困难等瓶颈问题。

关键词: 仿自然湿地, 多生境脱氮, 缓释除磷, 低温运行

Abstract:

Aim to strengthen the denitrification and phosphorus removal effect of the wetland system,a multi-habitat natural simulated wetland system with “pretreatment area+main treatment area+post-treatment area” was constructed,and it was supplemented by substrate regulation and slow-release phosphorus removal measures to form an anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic alternate environment. At the same time,the project optimized the packed bed structure,flora/plant configuration and low temperature operation mode of the wetland system to improve the winter operation effect of the wetland system. The results showed that a good microbial environment for denitrification and dephosphorization could be formed inside the multi-habitat natural simulated wetland system,and the phosphorus removal effect of the system could be further improved by supplementary addition of soil/quicklime slow-release phosphorus removal filler. By adopting the technical measures of covering the surface of the packed bed with thermal insulation material and operating at a low water level under low temperature,the temperature under the ice could be controlled at 2-3 ℃,which could further exert the water purification function of low-temperature resistant plants/microbes,comprehensively improving the wetland effluent effect under low temperature conditions. The research results were applied to the natural simulated wetland of Guanting No. 8 Bridge,and achieved the removal effect of 47.78% and 51.67% of TN and TP in the upstream water in the low temperature season. It effectively broken through bottleneck problems,such as the limited purification level of N and P pollutants in traditional wetlands and difficulties in reaching the standard operation of the effluent from the lower wetlands in the low temperature conditions.

Key words: natural simulated wetland, enhanced denitrification, slow-release phosphorus removal, low-temperature operation

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