工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 10-18. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0881

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    

电渗析选择性分离与回收工业废水有价物质研究进展

何飞宇1,2(), 封玲2, 朱铭1,2, 陈莉2,3, 田秉晖2, 王学科4, 池勇志1, 付翠莲1()   

  1. 1. 天津城建大学环境与市政工程学院,天津 300384
    2. 中国科学院大学生态环境研究中心,工业 废水无害化与资源化国家工程研究中心,北京 100085
    3. 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    4. 天津壹新环保工程有限公司,天津 300403
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-14 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 付翠莲
  • 作者简介:

    何飞宇(1998— ),硕士,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3207002); 天津市科技计划项目(22YFXTHZ00080)

Advances in selective separation and recovery of valuable substances from industrial wastewater by electrodialysis

Feiyu HE1,2(), Ling FENG2, Ming ZHU1,2, Li CHEN2,3, Binghui TIAN2, Xueke WANG4, Yongzhi CHI1, Cuilian FU1()   

  1. 1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
    2. National Engineering Research Center for Harmlessness and Resourcefulness of Industrial Wastewater, Ecological Environment Research Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
    3. College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
    4. Tianjin Yixin Environmental Protection Engineering Co. , Ltd. , Tianjin 300403, China
  • Received:2025-01-14 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-11-20
  • Contact: Cuilian FU

摘要:

随着工业绿色转型与循环经济发展,工业废水处理正从末端污染控制向资源化利用转变,高选择性、低能耗地分离与回收废水中的有价物质成为近年来工业废水处理技术的热点研究方向之一。电渗析(Electrodialysis,ED)作为一种基于电场力驱动的膜分离技术,已被广泛应用于对工业废水的分离、浓缩和循环利用等,且电渗析在选择性分离回收工业废水中有价物质方面展现出显著潜力。系统阐述了电渗析选择性分离与回收工业废水中有价物质的技术原理,并依据工业废水特征与有价物质的种类与来源,详细评述了常规电渗析、电去离子(EDI)、双极膜电渗析(BMED)、倒极电渗析(EDR)以及选择性电渗析(SED)等关键技术在分离回收重金属离子、盐分及酸碱等物质方面的重要突破与研究进展。最后,从离子交换膜种类、工艺耦合、引入智能控制等方面提出了电渗析技术未来发展方向。

关键词: 工业废水处理, 电渗析, 选择性分离, 有价物质回收, 资源化

Abstract:

With the green transformation of industry and the development of circular economy, industrial wastewater treatment process is transforming from end-of-pipe pollution control towards resource recovery. The high-selectivity, low-energy consumption separation and recovery of valuable substances from wastewater have become a key research focus in industrial wastewater treatment technology in recent years. Electrodialysis(ED), as an electric field-driven membrane separation technology, has been widely applied for the separation, concentration, and recycling of industrial wastewater. Furthermore, ED demonstrates significant potential for the selective separation and recovery of valuable substances from industrial wastewater. This paper systematically introduced the technical principle of selective separation and recovery of valuable substances from industrial wastewater by electrodialysis. Based on the characteristics of industrial wastewater and the types and sources of valuable substances, important breakthroughs and research progress achieved by key technologies, such as conventional electrodialysis, electrodeionization(EDI), bipolar membrane electrodialysis(BMED), electrodialysis reversal(EDR), and selective electrodialysis(SED) in separating and recovering heavy metal ions, salts, and acids/bases were reviewed. Finally, future research directions for electrodialysis technology were proposed, focusing on areas such as ion-exchange membrane varieties, process integration, and the introduction of smart control systems.

Key words: industrial wastewater treatment, electrodialysis, selective separation, recovery of valuable substances, resource

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