一株好氧反硝化菌的脱氮特性及其氮代谢机理研究

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0192

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以蒸氨废水中筛选获得的高效好氧反硝化菌假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp. LV2）为研究对象，系统研究了LV2菌株的好氧反硝化特性，以及不同碳源、培养温度、C/N、转速等因素对菌株脱氮效果的影响，并通过反硝化关键酶活性测定、气体检测及氮平衡实验推测菌株的好氧反硝化路径。结果表明，LV2菌株表现出高效的NO₃ ^--N去除能力，24 h时NO₃ ^--N去除率可达到98%以上；LV2菌株最佳脱氮条件为以丙酮酸钠为碳源，温度30 ℃，C/N=16，转速120 r/min。在LV2菌株脱氮过程中检测到气态产物N₂，并检测出反硝化过程中的关键酶硝酸盐还原酶（NR）和亚硝酸盐还原酶（NIR），推测部分NO₃ ^--N作为营养物质被直接吸收到细胞中，部分NO₃ ^--N则通过好氧反硝化作用转化为N₂。好氧反硝化菌LV2在实际废水的NO₃ ^--N污染生物治理方面具有很大的应用前景。

关键词: 假单胞菌, 好氧反硝化, 影响因素, 氮代谢途径

Abstract:

Taking the screened highly efficient aerobic denitrifying bacteria Pseudomonas sp. LV2 from ammonia steaming wastewater as the research object，the aerobic denitrification characteristics of strain LV2 were systematically studied，as well as the influences of different carbon sources，culture temperature，C/N，rotational speed and other factors on the denitrification effect. The aerobic denitrification pathway of strain LV2 was deduced by the functional enzymatic activity measurement，gaseous nitrogen product detection and nitrogen balance calculation. The results showed that strain LV2 exhibited an efficient nitrate removal capacity，and the nitrate removal efficiency could reach more than 98% in 24 h. The optimal nitrogen removal conditions of strain LV2 were sodium pyruvate as carbon source，temperature 30 ℃，C/N=16，and rotational speed 120 r/min. During the denitrification process of strain LV2，gaseous product N₂ was detected，and the key enzymes required for the denitrification process，nitrate reductase（NR） and nitrite reductase（NIR），were detected. It was inferred that part of nitrate was directly absorbed into cells as nutrients，and some nitrate was converted into N₂ through aerobic denitrification. Aerobic denitrifying bacteria LV2 had great application prospect in the biological treatment of nitrate pollution in practical wastewater.

Key words: Pseudomonas, aerobic denitrification, influencing factors, nitrogen metabolism pathway

中图分类号:

X703

杨景瑞, 王莹, 陈虎, 吕永康. 一株好氧反硝化菌的脱氮特性及其氮代谢机理研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2023, 43(10): 135-141.

Jingrui YANG, Ying WANG, Hu CHEN, Yongkang LÜ. Nitrogen removal characteristics and metabolism mechanism of an aerobic denitrifying bacteria[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2023, 43(10): 135-141.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I10/135

图/表 7

图1 LV2菌株在DM培养基中的生长趋势与脱氮特性

Fig. 1 The growth trend and denitrification characteristics of strain LV2 in DM medium

图2 24 h内不同碳源对LV2菌株反硝化性能的影响

Fig. 2 Effect of different carbon sources on the denitrification performance of strain LV2 within 24 h

图3 48 h内不同温度对LV2菌株反硝化性能的影响

Fig. 3 Effect of different temperature on the denitrification performance of strain LV2 within 48 h

图4 24 h内不同C/N对LV2菌株反硝化性能的影响

Fig. 4 Effect of different C/N on the denitrification performance of strain LV2 within 24 h

图5 24 h内不同转速对LV2菌株反硝化性能的影响

Fig. 5 Effect of different rotational speed on the denitrification performance of strain LV2 within 24 h

图6 24 h内LV2菌株反硝化过程中NR和NIR活性（a）及N₂产生情况（b）

Fig. 6 NR and NIR activities（a） and N₂ production（b） during the denitrification process of strain LV2 within 24 h

表1 LV2菌株反硝化过程的氮平衡

Table 1 Nitrogen balance in denitrification process of strain LV2

时间/h	NO₃ ^--N/（mg·L^-1）	NO₂ ^--N/（mg·L^-1）	NH₄ ⁺-N/（mg·L^-1）	NH₂OH/（mg·L^-1）	细胞内氮/（mg·L^-1）	N₂/（mg·L^-1）	氮损失/（mg·L^-1）
0	100.67±0.37	0	0	0	0	0	0
24	1.42±0.03	0.03±0.002	0.23±0.01	0.11±0.01	70.21±1.04	23.52±0.21	5.15

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