黄菖蒲人工湿地系统对含盐再生水中氮磷污染物的去除研究

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0146

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨湿地植物黄菖蒲对含盐再生水中氮磷污染物的去除效果，参照湿地系统结构，构建了CW1~CW5共5组植物、基质、灭菌剂不同组合的实验系统，分析了各系统对污染物的去除效果、黄菖蒲生物量、植物累积量等指标变化，研究了系统不同组成对污水中氮磷的去除差异及贡献率。结果表明植物与基质联合的CW2组对模拟含盐再生水的净化效果最好，其对水中TN、NH₄ ⁺-N、TP的去除率分别达到56.52%、75.47%、64.53%，均优于其他4组。这可归因于基质的添加为氮磷吸附提供了接触位点，同时为黄菖蒲植株提供了适宜的生长环境，植物根系不断进行有氧呼吸进而促进植物生长，一方面加强了植物本身对氮磷污染物的吸收，另一方面生长状况良好的根系可为大量微生物提供附着载体，促进硝化-反硝化作用的进行。进一步研究发现，CW2组湿地系统中植物吸收去除的氮、磷分别占总输入的24.62%、22.62%，基质通过拦截、吸附等途径去除的氮、磷分别占总输入的13.33%和29%，植物吸收与基质去除均为主要的氮磷去除途径。

关键词: 黄菖蒲, 含盐再生水, 氮磷污染物, 水质净化

Abstract:

To explore the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in saline reclaimed water by wetland plants Iris pseudacorus，five systems（CW1-CW5） with different combinations of plants，substrates and sterilizers were constructed referring to wetland system strcture. The removal effect of pollutants，biomass of Iris pseudacorus，plant accumulation and other indicators were analyzed. The differences and contribution rates of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in sewage by different composition of system were studied. The results showed that the combined plant and substrate CW2 group had the best purification effect，and the removal rate of TN，NH₄ ⁺-N and TP in simulated reclaimed water reached 56.52%，75.47% and 64.53% respectively，which were superior to the other four groups. This could be attributed to the addition of substrate providing contact sites for nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption，while also providing suitable growing environment for Iris pseudacorus. The continuous aerobic respiration of plant roots promoted plant growth. On the one hand，it enhanced the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants by the plant itself. On the other hand，well-developed roots could provide attachment carriers for a large number of microorganisms，promoting nitrification and denitrification. Further research found that in the CW2 wetland system，the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption removed by plants accounted for 24.62% and 22.62% of the total input，and the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by substrate through interception，adsorption and other actions accounted for 13.33% and 29% of the total input. Both plant absorption and the removal effct of substrate were the main pathways for nitrogen and phosphorus removal.

Key words: Iris pseudacorus, saline reclaimed water, nitrogen and phosphate pollutants, water purification

中图分类号:

X703

李朝颖, 张蕊芯, 常思露, 高茜, 阎波, 王文华. 黄菖蒲人工湿地系统对含盐再生水中氮磷污染物的去除研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(3): 168-176.

Zhaoying LI, Ruixin ZHANG, Silu CHANG, Xi GAO, Bo YAN, Wenhua WANG. Study on the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in saline reclaimed water by Iris pseudacorus constructed wetland[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(3): 168-176.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I3/168

图/表 7

图1 实验框图（a）和实验系统示意（b）

Fig.1 Experimental block diagram（a） and experimental system diagram（b）

图2 各系统中氮元素的浓度变化

Fig.2 Nitrogen element concentration change in each system

图3 人工湿地系统中TP（a）和PO₄ ^3--P（b）的变化

Fig.3 TP（a） and PO₄ ^3--P（b） changes in each system

图4 各系统中COD的变化

Fig.4 Change of COD in each system

表2 实验30 d后黄菖蒲的生物量和养分含量变化

Table 2 Changes in biomass and nutrient content of Iris pseudacorus after 30 days of experiment

处理单元	平均株高/cm	总生物量/g		质量分数/（g·kg^-1）
处理单元	平均株高/cm	鲜重	干重	N	P
实验前	35.25	11.03	1.93	10.30	0.59
CW1	47.25	14.25	1.99	14.03	0.79
CW2	57.50	17.34	2.28	15.79	0.86
CW3	56.75	17.26	2.51	13.47	0.73

图5 实验前后黄菖蒲叶绿素含量变化

Fig.5 Changes in Chlorophyll content of Iris pseudacorus before and after the experiment

图6 CW1~CW3系统不同途径去除氮磷污染物比例

Fig.6 Removal ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants by different ways in wetland systems CW1-CW3

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