摘要：

针对锂电池在生产制造过程中产生的阳极废水和阴极废水特性，设计采用分类收集、分类预处理后再集中进行生化处理的思路对废水进行处理。以广东某新能源公司锂电池生产废水为例，简述了其废水特性及阳极废水和阴极废水处理工艺的选择原则，在此基础上提出了具体的废水处理工艺。阳极废水采用混凝沉淀+厌氧+AOA+MBR工艺处理，处理后出水达到《电池工业污染物排放标准》（GB 30484—2013）表2新建企业水污染物及广东省地方标准《污水综合排放标准》（DB 4426—2001）表4第二类污染物排放标准后排放。阴极废水采用Fenton氧化+混凝沉淀+UASB+二级AO+MBR工艺处理，其出水再经二级RO/MVR处理后，回用水及冷凝水达到《采暖空调系统水质》（GB/T 29044—2012）表1中的补充水标准及《城市污水再生利用 工业用水水质》（GB/T 19923—2005）表1标准后回用，浓水经MVR系统蒸发结晶。工程实践表明，系统运行稳定，处理后阳极废水满足排放标准；阴极废水满足回用水标准，成功实现零排放。

关键词: 锂电池生产废水, 阴阳极废水, 分类处理, 中水回用, 零排放

Abstract:

In response to the characteristics of anode wastewater and cathode wastewater generated during the manufacturing process of lithium batteries, the design adopted the idea of classified collection, classified pretreatment, and then centralized biochemical treatment to treat the wastewater. Taking the lithium battery production wastewater of a new energy company in Guangdong as an example, this article briefly described the characteristics of the wastewater and the selection principles of anode wastewater and cathode wastewater treatment processes. Specific wastewater treatment processes were proposed on this basis. The anode wastewater was treated using a coagulation sedimentation+anaerobic+AOA+MBR process, and the treated effluent met the water pollutant discharge standards for newly established enterprises in Table 2 of Emission Standard of Pollutants for Battery Industry(GB 30484-2013) and the allowable discharge concentration limit for Class Ⅱ pollutants in Table 4 of the local standards of Guangdong Province of Discharge Limits of Water Pollutants(DB 4426-2001) before being discharged. The cathode wastewater was treated using the Fenton oxidation+coagulation sedimentation+UASB+secondary AO+MBR process. After the effluent was further treated by secondary RO/MVR, the recycled water and condensate reached the supplementary water standards in Table 1 of Water Quality for Heating and Air Conditioning Systems(GB/T 29044-2012) and the standards in Table 1 of The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water-Water Quality Standard for Industrial Uses(GB/T 19923-2005) before being reused. The concentrated water was evaporated and crystallized through the MVR system. Engineering practice had shown that the system operated stably, and the treated anode wastewater met the discharge standards, while the cathode wastewater met the reuse water standards, successfully achieving zero discharge.

Key words: lithium battery production wastewater, anodic and cathodic wastewater, segregated treatment, reuse of reclaimed water, zero discharge

中图分类号: 

• X78