工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 18-26. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0258

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

高矿化度矿井水脱盐技术研究进展

杨晨毅1(), 周锡琨2, 罗豪鹏1, 江芳1, 陈欢1()   

  1. 1. 南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院,江苏 南京 210014
    2. 中国环境监测总站,北京 100022
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-27 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 陈欢
  • 作者简介:

    杨晨毅(2001— ),硕士,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    低碳智能燃煤发电与超净排放全国重点实验室开放课题(D2023FK098)

Progress on desalination technology of high salinity mine water

Chenyi YANG1(), Xikun ZHOU2, Haopeng LUO1, Fang JIANG1, Huan CHEN1()   

  1. 1. School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
    2. China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100022, China
  • Received:2024-06-27 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-02-24
  • Contact: Huan CHEN

摘要:

煤矿开采必然伴随大量矿井水的生成,其中高矿化度矿井水占比逐年上升。研究高矿化度矿井水的处理与利用,有助于缓解煤矿缺水的现状,提高绿色矿山建设和清洁生产水平。对矿井水零排放处理流程中的深度脱盐工艺进行阐述,对处理系统存在的工艺流程长、能耗大、成本高等问题进行总结,并对比分析脱盐领域的前瞻性处理技术。在膜浓缩工艺方面,介绍了基于传统反渗透的改进技术、正渗透技术和膜蒸馏技术。针对分盐结晶工艺的前瞻性技术,对比了共晶冷冻技术、超临界脱盐技术、加湿-除湿技术以及光热脱盐技术。通过对高矿化度矿井水现有处理技术和前瞻性技术的比较,为高矿化度矿井水处理技术的发展提供指导,继而推动高矿化度矿井水的大规模、低成本和高效处理,以应对煤矿开采过程中高矿化度矿井水带来的挑战,促进煤炭行业的可持续发展。

关键词: 高矿化度矿井水, 零排放工艺, 膜浓缩技术, 蒸发结晶, 光热脱盐

Abstract:

Coal mining inevitably leads to the generation of a substantial volume of mine water,with the proportion of high salinity mine water progressively increasing. Research on the treatment and utilization of high salinity mine water is essential to mitigate the ongoing challenge of coal mine water scarcity and enhance the standards of eco-friendly mine construction and cleaner production. This paper delineated the deep desalination process of the zero-discharge treatment approach for mine water. The problems associated with the extended process flow, significant energy consumption, and elevated costs of the treatment system were outlined. Additionally, a comparative analysis of current and prospective treatment technologies in the desalination was conducted. The membrane concentration process was examined, introducing enhanced technologies derived from traditional reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, and membrane distillation. Regarding salt separation and crystallization, the paper compared eutectic freezing technology, supercritical desalination technology, humidification-dehumidification technology, and photothermal desalination technology. Through a comprehensive evaluation of existing and potential technologies for high salinity mine water treatment, the paper provided insights guiding the development of effective treatment technologies. The objective was to facilitate the large-scale, cost-effective, and efficient treatment of high salinity mine water, addressing the escalating challenges associated with high salinity mine water in the coal mining process and fostering the sustainable development of the coal industry.

Key words: high salinity mine water, zero discharge process, membrane concentration technology, evaporation crystallization, photothermal desalination

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