Advances in research on electrode materials for industrial wastewater treatment

doi:10.11894/iwt.2018-0961

Abstract

Abstract:

Electrochemical technology is widely applied in the industrial wastewater treatment. Electrode material is a key factor affecting the efficiency of electrochemical treatment. Therefore, the current research mainly focuses on the development, preparation and modification of electrode materials. In general, this paper classifies electrode materials from the mechanisms of electroflocculation, electrooxidation, electroreduction and electroadsorption, and further introduces the relevant research progress. Anode materials can be divided into adsorbed and free·OH radical electrode materials, while cathode materials can be divided into direct reduction and indirect reduction materials. Finally, the development direction of electrode materials in the water treatment is prospected.

Key words: industrial wastewater, electrode material, adsorbed ·OH radical, free ·OH radical

摘要：

电化学技术广泛用于工业废水的处理。电极材料是影响电化学处理效率的关键因素。因此目前的研究主要集中在对电极材料的开发制备与改性方面。主要从电絮凝、电氧化、电还原、电吸附作用机理来对电极材料进行分类，并介绍相关研究进展。电氧化阳极材料可分为基于吸附态和自由态·OH氧化原理的两类材料；而电还原阴极材料可分为基于直接还原和间接还原的两类材料。最后，对电极材料在水处理方面的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 工业废水, 电极材料, 吸附态·OH, 自由态·OH

CLC Number:

X703

Sitao Zhang,Yanhe Han,Xiaofei Zhang,Jiaqing Chen. Advances in research on electrode materials for industrial wastewater treatment[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2019, 39(11): 1-6, 57.

张思韬,韩严和,张晓飞,陈家庆. 用于处理工业废水的电极材料研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2019, 39(11): 1-6, 57.

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https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2019/V39/I11/1

Figures/Tables 1

References 56

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阳极	处理对象	处理条件	处理效果	析氧电位/V
Ti/IrO₂^〔35〕	800 mg/L COD 2，4，6-三硝基甲苯	10 g/LNa₂SO₄、100 mA/cm²、处理时间30 h	COD去除率68.5%	1.05
Ti/IrO₂- RuO₂^〔16〕	991.789 g/mol活性黑5染料废水	pH=5、电流密度1.0 mA/cm²、Cl-浓度0.5 mol/L	活性黑5去除率99.67%	1.36
Ti/Pt^〔14〕	50 mg/L黄连素废水	电压2 V、Cl-浓度0.1 mol/L、反应时间1 h	抗生素小檗碱去除率为90%	1.5
Ti/Pd-Ir^〔21〕	150 mg/L氯仿废水	电流密度25 mA/cm²、Cl- 0.05 mol/L	氯仿去除率78.8%	1.5
Ti/SnO₂-Sb^〔36〕	50 mg/L环丙沙星废水	电流密度30 mA/cm²、处理时间120 min	环丙沙星去除率99.5%、COD去除率86%	1.6
Ti/α-PbO₂/β-PbO₂^〔25〕	50 mg/L 2-氯酚	SO₄^2- 0.1 mol/L、电流密度20 mA/cm²、处理时间180 min	2-氯酚去除率100%	1.6
Ti/SnO₂-Sb-Pd^〔37〕	乙二胺四乙酸0.1 mmol/L	电流密度10 mA/cm²、处理时间120 min	EDTA去除率87.5%	1.61
Ti/SnO₂-Sb₂O₅/β-PbO₂^〔27〕	100 mg/L活性红195	pH=5.6、电流密度30 mA/cm²	TOC去除率80%	1.75
Ti/PVDF- PbO₂^〔30〕	100 mg/L苯酚	0.1 mol/LNa₂SO₄、电流密度50 mA/cm²	苯酚去除率99%	1.927
Ti/LAS-CNT/PbO₂^〔38〕	50 mg/L 4-氯苯酚	处理时间120 min	4-氯苯酚去除率95%
Ti/SnO₂-Sb/La-PbO₂^〔39〕	10 mg/L恩诺沙星	处理时间30 min、pH 6.92、电流密度8 mA/cm²	TOC降解率95.1%
Si/BDD^〔40〕	活性5 100 mg/L	电流密度50 mA/cm²、4 g/L NaCl	COD去除率＞85%	2.3
Ti/MWCNTs-OH-PbO₂^〔31〕	吡啶100 mg/L	电流密度20 mA/cm²、电极间距1 cm	吡啶去除率93.8%	2.48

阳极	处理对象	处理条件	处理效果	析氧电位/V
Ti/IrO₂^〔35〕	800 mg/L COD 2，4，6-三硝基甲苯	10 g/LNa₂SO₄、100 mA/cm²、处理时间30 h	COD去除率68.5%	1.05
Ti/IrO₂- RuO₂^〔16〕	991.789 g/mol活性黑5染料废水	pH=5、电流密度1.0 mA/cm²、Cl-浓度0.5 mol/L	活性黑5去除率99.67%	1.36
Ti/Pt^〔14〕	50 mg/L黄连素废水	电压2 V、Cl-浓度0.1 mol/L、反应时间1 h	抗生素小檗碱去除率为90%	1.5
Ti/Pd-Ir^〔21〕	150 mg/L氯仿废水	电流密度25 mA/cm²、Cl- 0.05 mol/L	氯仿去除率78.8%	1.5
Ti/SnO₂-Sb^〔36〕	50 mg/L环丙沙星废水	电流密度30 mA/cm²、处理时间120 min	环丙沙星去除率99.5%、COD去除率86%	1.6
Ti/α-PbO₂/β-PbO₂^〔25〕	50 mg/L 2-氯酚	SO₄^2- 0.1 mol/L、电流密度20 mA/cm²、处理时间180 min	2-氯酚去除率100%	1.6
Ti/SnO₂-Sb-Pd^〔37〕	乙二胺四乙酸0.1 mmol/L	电流密度10 mA/cm²、处理时间120 min	EDTA去除率87.5%	1.61
Ti/SnO₂-Sb₂O₅/β-PbO₂^〔27〕	100 mg/L活性红195	pH=5.6、电流密度30 mA/cm²	TOC去除率80%	1.75
Ti/PVDF- PbO₂^〔30〕	100 mg/L苯酚	0.1 mol/LNa₂SO₄、电流密度50 mA/cm²	苯酚去除率99%	1.927
Ti/LAS-CNT/PbO₂^〔38〕	50 mg/L 4-氯苯酚	处理时间120 min	4-氯苯酚去除率95%
Ti/SnO₂-Sb/La-PbO₂^〔39〕	10 mg/L恩诺沙星	处理时间30 min、pH 6.92、电流密度8 mA/cm²	TOC降解率95.1%
Si/BDD^〔40〕	活性5 100 mg/L	电流密度50 mA/cm²、4 g/L NaCl	COD去除率＞85%	2.3
Ti/MWCNTs-OH-PbO₂^〔31〕	吡啶100 mg/L	电流密度20 mA/cm²、电极间距1 cm	吡啶去除率93.8%	2.48

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