Biotransformation of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide-containing oilfield wastewater and its energy regeneration and resource utilization

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2021-1208

Abstract

Abstract:

At present，the oilfield is facing the status quo of urgent disposal of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide（HPAM）-containing pollutants. Low-cost，environmentally-friendly biodegradation and biotransformation technologies have become the main force in treating the typical organic pollutant HPAM. Bio-treatment system is not only a terminal for pollutant attenuation，but a key place for the contaminant biotransformation to bioenergy and bioresource. In recent years，the development trend of HPAM-containing wastewater treatment by the biological method has been gradually transitioned from both the improvement of removal efficiency and the excavation of degradation mechanism to a new direction integrating energy conservation，resource recovery and environmental friendliness. Therefore，focusing the typical organic pollutant HPAM from the oilfield，and taking the country’s demand for the resource and energy as an opportunity，this paper mainly illustrated the microbial communities，pathways，kinetics，thermodynamics and on-site implementation of HPAM biodegradation，and the biotransformation potential of HPAM to hydrogen（H₂），methane（CH₄） and polyhydroxyalkanoates（PHA）. The relevant research results improved the understanding of recovering bioenergy and bioresource from HPAM-containing wastewater，and guided to achieve bioresource recovery in the industrial scale practice. Moreover，those studies had the important practical significance and the application value for environmental protection and resource recovery of the oilfield.

Key words: hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, biodegradation, biotransformation, hydrogen, methane, polyhydroxyalkanoates

摘要：

目前油田面临含水解聚丙烯酰胺（HPAM）污染物亟待处置的现状，低成本、环境友好型的生物降解转化技术已成为处理典型有机污染物HPAM的主力技术。生物处理系统不仅是污染物衰减的终端，而且是污染物向生物能源和资源转化的关键场所。近年来，生物法处置含HPAM污水的发展趋势正从“提高去除效能-挖掘降解机制”逐渐过渡到“回收能量-增值资源-净化环境”三位一体的新方向。因此，围绕石油开发过程中产生的典型有机污染物HPAM，以国家对资源和能源的需求为契机，重点综述了HPAM生物降解菌群、转化途径、动力学与热力学、技术现场实施，以及HPAM降解转化为氢气（H₂）、甲烷（CH₄）和聚羟基脂肪酸酯（PHA）的潜力。相关研究成果提升了从含HPAM污水生物降解转化中回收生物能源和资源的理解程度，并为工业规模实践中实现生物资源回收提供了指导，对油田环境保护与资源回收具有重要的现实意义和应用价值。

关键词: 水解聚丙烯酰胺, 生物降解, 生物转化, 氢气, 甲烷, 聚羟基脂肪酸酯

CLC Number:

X741

Lanmei ZHAO, Mutai BAO, Dong ZHAO. Biotransformation of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide-containing oilfield wastewater and its energy regeneration and resource utilization[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2023, 43(1): 10-16.

赵兰美, 包木太, 赵栋. 油田含聚丙烯酰胺污水生物转化及能源化与资源化[J]. 工业水处理, 2023, 43(1): 10-16.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2021-1208

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2023/V43/I1/10

Figures/Tables 2

References 45

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菌群	来源	PAM相对分子质量	PAM质量浓度/（mg·L^–1）	降解时间/d	降解效能	参考文献
Acinetobacter（SS5）、Pseudomonas（SS6）	含HPAM污水	8.0×10⁶	300	7	45.8%Con.	〔7〕
Pseudomonas、Plasticicumulans、Armatimonadetes_gp5	活性污泥	8.0×10⁶	300	HRT=1	62.95%Con.，78.26%COD	〔17〕
Chloroflexi、Bacteroidetes、Proteobacterias	活性污泥	2.2×10⁷	500	HRT=1	40.5%Con.，38.9%TOC	〔21〕
Bacillus，Aeromonas、Gp4、Thauera，Pseudomonas	活性污泥	2.2×10⁷	300	HRT=1	76.44%Con.	〔1〕
Proteobacterias、Bacteroidetes、Planctomycetes	活性污泥	2.2×10⁷	500	HRT=1	54.69%Con.，70.14%TOC	〔2〕
Desulfobulbaceae、Pseudomonadaceae、Flavobacteriaceae、Alcaligenaceae、Oxalobacteraceae	大庆油田含HPAM生物膜	1.9×10⁷	3 000	—	—	〔22〕
Ignavibacterium sp.	活性污泥	5 000	1.25（NH₄⁺-N）	16	29.2%COD	〔23〕
Bacillus cereus（PM-2）、Rhodococcus（PAM-F1）	聚驱后的采出水	2.2×10⁷	500	1	89.8%Con.，75.8%Vis.，32.9%TOC	〔12〕
Bacteroidetes、Proteobacteria	活性污泥	—	200	17	86.64%Con.	〔16〕
Bacillus flexu（HWBⅡ）	油污染的土壤	1.6×10⁷	100	4	76%Con.	〔24〕
Bacillus cereus（HWBⅠ）	活性污泥	1.6×10⁷	100	4	74%Con.	〔24〕
Bacillus sp.（PM-3）	聚驱后的采出水	2.2×10⁷	300	7	29.1%Con.	〔25〕
Bacillus cereus（PM-2）	聚驱后的采出水	2.2×10⁷	300	7	33.7%Con.	〔25〕

菌群	来源	PAM相对分子质量	PAM质量浓度/（mg·L^–1）	降解时间/d	降解效能	参考文献
Acinetobacter（SS5）、Pseudomonas（SS6）	含HPAM污水	8.0×10⁶	300	7	45.8%Con.	〔7〕
Pseudomonas、Plasticicumulans、Armatimonadetes_gp5	活性污泥	8.0×10⁶	300	HRT=1	62.95%Con.，78.26%COD	〔17〕
Chloroflexi、Bacteroidetes、Proteobacterias	活性污泥	2.2×10⁷	500	HRT=1	40.5%Con.，38.9%TOC	〔21〕
Bacillus，Aeromonas、Gp4、Thauera，Pseudomonas	活性污泥	2.2×10⁷	300	HRT=1	76.44%Con.	〔1〕
Proteobacterias、Bacteroidetes、Planctomycetes	活性污泥	2.2×10⁷	500	HRT=1	54.69%Con.，70.14%TOC	〔2〕
Desulfobulbaceae、Pseudomonadaceae、Flavobacteriaceae、Alcaligenaceae、Oxalobacteraceae	大庆油田含HPAM生物膜	1.9×10⁷	3 000	—	—	〔22〕
Ignavibacterium sp.	活性污泥	5 000	1.25（NH₄⁺-N）	16	29.2%COD	〔23〕
Bacillus cereus（PM-2）、Rhodococcus（PAM-F1）	聚驱后的采出水	2.2×10⁷	500	1	89.8%Con.，75.8%Vis.，32.9%TOC	〔12〕
Bacteroidetes、Proteobacteria	活性污泥	—	200	17	86.64%Con.	〔16〕
Bacillus flexu（HWBⅡ）	油污染的土壤	1.6×10⁷	100	4	76%Con.	〔24〕
Bacillus cereus（HWBⅠ）	活性污泥	1.6×10⁷	100	4	74%Con.	〔24〕
Bacillus sp.（PM-3）	聚驱后的采出水	2.2×10⁷	300	7	29.1%Con.	〔25〕
Bacillus cereus（PM-2）	聚驱后的采出水	2.2×10⁷	300	7	33.7%Con.	〔25〕

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