Preparation of sludge-based activated carbon and its application for phosphorus adsorption

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-1126

Abstract

Abstract:

Dehydrated sludge and digested sludge were used as raw materials, ZnCl₂, H₂SO₄ and KOH were used as activators to prepare sludge biochar, with iodine adsorption value as the evaluation index. The results showed that the dehydrated sludge biochar(TSAC) and digested sludge biochar(XHAC) prepared with ZnCl₂as activator had the highest iodine adsorption values of 355.1 mg/g and 289.2 mg/g, respectively. TSAC and XHAC were applied to phosphorus containing wastewater and compared with commercial activated carbon(CAC). The effects of adsorption time,dosage, and pH on phosphorus adsorption were investigated, and the chemical forms and ecological risks of heavy metals in sludge and TSAC were analyzed. The adsorption mechanism was explored with SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and BET. The results showed that when the adsorption time was 360 min and pH of 6, the adsorption capacity of TSAC and XHAC for phosphorus was 7.3 mg/g and 6.8 mg/g, which was higher than the adsorption capacity of commercial activated carbon(4.1 mg/g). The adsorption process conformed to the Langmuir model and pseudo second-order kinetic equation, and was a chemical adsorption on the surface of a single molecular layer. The potential ecological risk of heavy metals in TSAC was low, while that for sludge was medium, which indicated that the morphological stabilization of heavy metals could be achieved by preparing sludge activated carbon from pyrolysis sludge.

Key words: sludge biochar, adsorption of phosphorus, ecological risk of heavy metals

摘要：

以脱水污泥与消化污泥为原料，采用 $Z n C l 2$ 、H₂SO₄、KOH为活化剂制备污泥活性炭，以碘吸附值为评价指标，结果表明：以 $Z n C l 2$ 为活化剂制备出的脱水污泥活性炭（TSAC）和消化污泥活性炭（XHAC）的碘吸附值最高，分别为355.1 mg/g和289.2 mg/g。将TSAC和XHAC应用于含磷污水的吸附并与商业活性炭（CAC）进行比较，探究了吸附时间、投加量、pH对磷吸附量的影响，对污泥和TSAC中的重金属化学形态和生态风险进行分析，采用SEM、XRD、FT-IR和BET等表征手段对吸附机理进行分析，结果表明：当吸附时间为360 min，pH为6时，TSAC和XHAC对磷的吸附量分别为7.3 mg/g和6.8 mg/g，高于CAC对磷的吸附量（4.1 mg/g）；吸附过程符合Langmuir模型和伪二级动力学方程，为单分子层表面的化学吸附；TSAC的重金属潜在生态风险为低生态风险，而污泥为中等生态风险，通过热解污泥制备污泥活性炭能够实现重金属稳定化。

关键词: 污泥活性炭, 磷吸附, 重金属生态风险

CLC Number:

X703.1

Zishuai HE, Haitao LI, Hong GAO. Preparation of sludge-based activated carbon and its application for phosphorus adsorption[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(12): 138-146.

贺自帅, 李海涛, 高红. 污泥活性炭的制备及其对含磷污水的吸附研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(12): 138-146.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-1126

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I12/138

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References 19

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污泥种类	有机质质量分数/%	灰分质量分数/%	pH	含水率/%
消化污泥	19.82	56.31	6.37	86.32
脱水污泥	51.98	47.23	6.91	86.14

污泥种类	有机质质量分数/%	灰分质量分数/%	pH	含水率/%
消化污泥	19.82	56.31	6.37	86.32
脱水污泥	51.98	47.23	6.91	86.14

活性炭类型	总酸性官能团/（mmol·g^-1）	羧基/（mmol·g^-1）	内酯基/（mmol·g^-1）	酚羟基/（mmol·g^-1）
CAC	0.325	0.175	0.040	0.110
TSAC	1.800	1.050	0.500	0.250
XHAC	1.750	0.875	0.750	0.125

活性炭类型	总酸性官能团/（mmol·g^-1）	羧基/（mmol·g^-1）	内酯基/（mmol·g^-1）	酚羟基/（mmol·g^-1）
CAC	0.325	0.175	0.040	0.110
TSAC	1.800	1.050	0.500	0.250
XHAC	1.750	0.875	0.750	0.125

污泥种类	活化剂	活化剂浓度/（mol·L^-1）	活化温度/℃	碘吸附值/（mg·g^-1）
脱水污泥	KOH	3	550	304.9
	ZnCl₂	3	550	355.1
	H₂SO₄	3	550	321.3
消化污泥	KOH	3	550	265.6
	ZnCl₂	3	550	289.2
	H₂SO₄	3	550	275.4

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