Characteristics of multi-industry sludge biochar and behavior of advanced treatment of industrial wastewater

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0806

Abstract

Abstract:

Biochar was prepared by anaerobic pyrolysis of the residual sludge collected from the biochemical treatment system of pharmaceutical, dyeing,and paper-making wastewater. The emission of toxic gas was explored, and the physicochemical properties of various sludge biochar were characterized. Furthermore, biochar was used to treat industrial wastewater, and its toxic effect on aquatic organisms was investigated. The experiment results showed that the yield of sludge biochar was 53%-71%. CO₂ emission decreased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature,whereas CO, CH₄, H₂, and other gases emission increased. The content of C in sludge biochar was relatively low, and it contained iron, manganese, chromium, lead, etc. The content of iron was the highest, which was 5 540 mg in 1 kg dyeing sludge biochar. Compared with low and medium-temperature sludge biochar, high-temperature sludge biochar had the best treatment effect on effluent from the secondary sedimentation tank. After 24 h reaction, 0.5 g/L pharmaceutical sludge biochar could remove 88.5% of sulfide, but could not decolorize. Dyeing sludge biochar could remove COD and meet the draining standard, but its removal ability towards anilines was poor. Paper sludge biochar could remove COD, TN, and chroma in wastewater. In addition, the sludge biochar could release a small amount of metal from itself during wastewater treatment. Low doses of sludge biochar had no significant effect on the growth of aquatic organisms. However,as the sludge biochar increased to 2.0 g/L, the number of Escherichia coli colonies decreased by 5.3%-11.2%, and the growth inhibition rate of Chlorella sp. was 9.1%-12.3%.

Key words: sludge biochar, industrial waste water, deep treatment, toxic effect

摘要：

将制药、印染、造纸废水生化处理系统的剩余污泥在厌氧条件下热解制备成生物炭，探究有毒气体的排放情况，表征多种污泥炭的理化性质，重点研究其对行业废水的深度处理行为以及对水体生物的毒性作用。结果表明，污泥炭产率为53%~71%，随着热解温度的升高，CO₂排放量降低，但CO、CH₄、H₂排放量有所上升。污泥炭C含量相对较低，含有Fe、Mn、Cr、Pb等重金属，其中每kg印染污泥炭的Fe质量为5 540 mg。与低温、中温污泥炭相比，高温污泥炭对二沉池出水的处理效果最佳，反应24 h后，0.5 g/L的制药污泥炭可去除88.5%的硫化物，但不能脱色；印染污泥炭处理可使废水COD浓度达标，对苯胺类的去除效果较差；造纸污泥炭对废水中COD、TN、色度均有去除作用。污泥炭去除污染物的同时会从自身释放少量金属离子；低投加量的污泥炭对水体生物的生长并不具有显著的影响，然而当污泥炭投加量增至2.0 g/L时，大肠埃希菌的菌落数降低5.3%~11.2%，小球藻生长抑制率为9.1%~12.3%。

关键词: 污泥生物炭, 工业废水, 深度处理, 毒性效应

CLC Number:

X703.1

Wenchao CHEN, Yongchao LI, Xinmin YANG, Jiahao LIU, Shengdao SHAN. Characteristics of multi-industry sludge biochar and behavior of advanced treatment of industrial wastewater[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(8): 70-80.

陈文超, 李勇超, 杨昕旻, 刘佳浩, 单胜道. 多行业污泥生物炭特性及深度处理工业废水行为研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(8): 70-80.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0806

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I8/70

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 The released gas during anaerobic pyrolysis of pharmaceutical（a），dyeing（b），and paper sludge（c）

Table 1 The contents of element C，N，S，H in sludge biochar

热解温度/℃	制药污泥炭/%				印染污泥炭/%				造纸污泥炭/%
热解温度/℃	N	C	H	S	N	C	H	S	N	C	H	S
350	4.57	26.07	2.05	3.97	1.33	20.12	1.55	3.26	5.61	38.15	2.28	5.48
500	3.49	21.20	1.13	2.50	1.06	15.50	0.79	3.98	3.35	27.49	0.76	2.23
650	2.96	21.34	0.77	1.69	0.66	14.59	0.50	2.33	2.44	27.62	0.51	1.50

Fig.2 The heavy metal contents of pharmaceutical（a），dyeing（b） and paper（c） sludge biochar

Table 2 pH，EC and BET surface of sludge biochar

热解温度/℃	制药污泥炭				印染污泥炭				造纸污泥炭
热解温度/℃	pH	EC/ （μS·cm^-1）	比表面积/ （m²·g^-1）	孔径/nm	pH	EC/ （μS·cm^-1）	比表面积/ （m²·g^-1）	孔径/nm	pH	EC/ （μS·cm^-1）	比表面积/ （m²·g^-1）	孔径/nm
350	7.5	270	14.5	9.4	6.3	910	38.2	10.2	7.7	280	4.7	9.5
500	7.7	340	29.8	9.2	9.8	680	44.3	7.0	9.1	381	7.8	7.0
650	8.2	178	46.9	6.1	9.8	643	102.2	4.8	11.8	430	11.8	8.7

Fig.3 The SEM images of 650 ℃ sludge biochar （×5 000）

Fig.4 The removal of COD，TN，chroma and sulfide by pharmaceutical sludge biochar

Fig.5 The removal of COD，TN，chroma and aniline by dyeing sludge biochar

Fig.6 The removal of COD，TN and chroma by paper sludge biochar

Fig.7 The change of heavy metal concentration during the treatment of wastewater by pharmaceutical，dyeing and paper sludge biochar

Fig.8 The effect of pharmaceutical，dyeing，and paper sludge biochar on the growth of Escherichia coli

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