Abstract:

Capacitive deionization(CDI) is a new energy-saving technology for water treatment, and electrode material is the core component. The traditional carbon electrode has problems such as co-ion expulsion and poor ion selectivity. For this reason, scholars draw on the principle of electrochemical energy storage and introduced Faraday reaction in CDI cell. On the basis of the two-dimensional materials which were easily intercalated and modified, a series of CDI electrodes with excellent performance were developed. In this paper, the working mechanisms, the CDI cell architectures and the performance requirements for electrode materials were introduced. The structural properties of Faradaic two-dimensional materials were introduced. The optimization of materials for intercalation, modification and compounding was described. The performance of the improved materials were also sorted out and summarized. In response to the shortcomings and challenges in electrode materials, matching of cathode and anode, study of the reaction mechanism and methods for testing performance, reasonable suggestions and prospects were put forward,aiming at stimulating more thinking and innovation to promote the vigorous development of CDI electrode materials.

Key words: capacitive deionization, desalination, Faraday materials, two-dimensional materials

摘要：

电容去离子（Capacitive deionization，CDI）是一种新兴的节能水处理技术，电极材料是该技术中的核心要素。传统碳电极存在共离子效应、离子选择性差等问题，对此借鉴电化学储能原理，将法拉第反应引入CDI系统中，以实现更高效的离子吸附存储。法拉第电极材料具有理论容量高、所需能耗低、选择性好等特点，研究者们着手于易被插层、改性的二维材料，开发了一系列性能优异的CDI电极。综述了法拉第CDI技术的工作机理、装置构型、电极材料的性能要求，介绍了法拉第型二维材料的结构性质，对材料的插层、修饰以及复合等优化工作做了阐述，并对改进后材料的性能参数进行了梳理和总结。针对电极材料、阴阳极适配度、反应机理研究、性能测试方法等方面存在的不足与挑战，提出了合理性建议和展望，旨在激发更多思考及创新以促进CDI电极材料的蓬勃发展。

关键词: 电容去离子, 脱盐, 法拉第材料, 二维材料

CLC Number: 

• X703