Research progress of nitrate removal from water via capacitive deionization

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0570

Abstract

Abstract:

Capacitive deionization(CDI) is a new electrochemical nitrate removal technology, which has the advantages of simple structure and operation, low cost, low energy consumption and environmental friendliness. However, there are problems such as insufficient adsorption capacity, poor selectivity and limited desalting capacity. In view of the problems in CDI, scholars have carried out in-depth research on the structure optimization of CDI device and the modification of electrode materials. The research progress of CDI device structure optimization including membrane capacitance deion technology (MCDI), flow electrode capacitance deion technology (FCDI), capacitance-electrocatalytic coupling technology, etc was introduced. The research progress of electrode material modification was mainly introduced from the aspects of resin coating, surface modification, metal oxide/hydroxide doping, and structure regulation. The analysis showed that the CDI device structure optimization and electrode material modification improved the performance of the technology to remove nitrate and expanded the application range of the technology to remove nitrate, which made the CDI technology had a very broad application prospect in the removal of nitrate. Finally, some suggestions were proposed to provide reference for the further development of CDI from the aspects of improving the selectivity and removal rate, increasing the adsorption capacity of electrode, enhancing the sustainable utilization of electrode and practical application.

Key words: capacitive deionization, electrode modification, structural optimization, nitrate

摘要：

电容去离子技术（Capacitive deionization，CDI）是一种新兴的电化学硝酸盐脱除技术，具有结构和操作简单、成本低、能耗低、对环境友好等优点，但存在吸附容量不足、选择性较差、脱盐能力有限等问题。针对CDI存在的问题，国内外学者在CDI装置结构优化及电极材料改性方面进行了深入研究。介绍了CDI装置在膜电容去离子技术（MCDI）、流动电极电容去离子技术（FCDI）、电容-电催化耦合技术等结构优化方面的研究进展。电极材料改性研究进展主要从树脂类涂覆、表面改性、金属氧化物/氢氧化物掺杂、结构调控等方面进行了介绍。通过CDI装置结构优化和电极材料改性，提高了电容去离子技术去除硝酸盐的性能，扩大了其去除硝酸盐的适用范围，使得电容去离子技术在去除硝酸盐方面有十分广阔的应用前景。最后针对提高选择性与去除率、提高电极吸附容量、增强电极可持续利用性、实际应用等方面提出相应建议，以期为CDI的进一步发展提供参考。

关键词: 电容去离子技术, 电极改性, 结构优化, 硝酸盐

CLC Number:

X703

Jinfeng FANG, Ying QU, Yubo ZHAO, Rupeng LIU, Zhen ZHANG, Zhen QI, Haoyu FAN, Weichen ZHU. Research progress of nitrate removal from water via capacitive deionization[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(7): 29-37.

房金峰, 曲莹, 赵玉博, 刘汝鹏, 张震, 齐震, 樊浩宇, 朱炜臣. 电容去离子技术去除水中硝酸盐的研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(7): 29-37.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0570

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I7/29

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 CDI working principle

Fig.2 Double electric layer adsorption model

Fig.3 Two phases of adsorption in MCDI system

Fig.4 Flow electrode capacitive deion schematic

Fig.5 Principle of capacitance-electrocatalytic coupling process

Fig.6 Resin coating adsorption schematic

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