摘要：

有机磷农药的长期大量使用会造成土壤、水体等生态环境的污染，进而危害人类健康。作为有机磷农药的代表，毒死蜱使用后在水中的残留时间长、毒性大，被多个国家禁用，而在我国仍有使用。以球形铁碳粒子作为粒子电极，构建三维电极-电Fenton体系处理毒死蜱模拟废水，探讨不同操作条件对废水中COD和有机磷去除率的影响，采用正交试验探究各因素的影响程度。结果表明：与活性炭纤维、泡沫镍相比，不锈钢作为阴极材料时对废水中的COD和有机磷去除效果较好。以不锈钢为阴极，适量Na₂SO₄为电解质，在电流密度为16 mA/cm²、极板间距为5 cm、铁碳粒子固液比为600 g/L、初始pH为3、电解时间为20 min的条件下，COD去除率达93.7%，有机磷去除率达95.9%。各因素对COD和有机磷去除率的贡献程度依次为初始pH>铁碳固液比>曝气量>电流密度。

关键词: 毒死蜱, 三维电极, 电Fenton, 农药废水

Abstract:

The long-term use of organophosphorus pesticide in large quantities has caused the pollution of soil， water bodies and other ecological environment， endangering human health. As a representative of organophosphorus pesticides， chlorpyrifos has been banned in several countries because of its long residual time and high toxicity in water after use， while it is still used in China. A three-dimensional electrode-electro-Fenton system was constructed to treat chlorpyrifos simulated wastewater using spherical iron carbon as particle electrode. The effects of different operating factors on the removal rates of COD and organic phosphorus in the wastewater were investigated by orthogonal experiment. The results showed that stainless steel was more effective in removing COD and organic phosphorus from wastewater when used as cathode material compared with activated carbon fiber and nickel foam. Under the conditions of stainless steel as cathode， Na₂SO₄ as electrolyte， current density of 16 mA/cm²， plate spacing of 5 cm， solid-liquid ratio of iron-carbon particles of 600 g/L， initial pH of 3， and electrolysis time of 20 min， the COD removal rate reached 93.7%， and organic phosphorus removal rate reached 95.9%. The contribution of each factor to the COD and organic phosphorus removal followed in the order of initial pH>iron-carbon solid-liquid ratio>aeration rate>current density.

Key words: chlorpyrifos, three-dimensional electrode, electro-Fenton, pesticide wastewater

中图分类号: 

• X703