摘要：

针对锂电池生产废水水质特征，采用阴极废水预处理去除重金属离子后和阳极废水合并，然后通过电Fenton-混凝反应-DF-厌氧反应器-AO组合工艺对锂电池生产废水进行处理。研究结果表明，该工艺对锂电池废水中的污染物有较高的去除率，对Ni²⁺、COD_Cr、BOD₅、NH₃-N、TN、TP和SS的去除率分别达到了89.3%、98.7%、97.6%、94.9%、84.5%、93.6%和98.5%，出水水质可以达到《电池工业污染物排放标准》（GB 30484—2013）表2新建企业水污染物间接排放标准要求。最后对工程投资和运行费用进行了分析，采用该工艺处理锂电池生产废水，设计处理量为1 000 m³/d，工程投资共计866万元，其中土建投资435万元，设备投资431万元，运行费用包括电费、药剂费、人工费和污泥处置费，实际水量为900 m³/d时，运行费用合计为7.48元/m³，为类似企业生产废水的处理提供参考。

关键词: 锂电池废水, 重金属, 混凝沉淀, 电Fenton, 管式微滤膜, 厌氧反应器

Abstract:

Based on the water characteristics of lithium battery production wastewater, the cathode wastewater was combined with the anode wastewater after pre-treatment, and then treated by a combination process of electro-Fenton-coagulation-DF-anaerobic reactor-AO. The results indicated that this process had a high removal rate of pollutants in lithium battery wastewater, with removal rates of Ni, COD_Cr, BOD₅, NH₃-N, TN, TP, and SS as 89.3%, 98.7%, 97.6%, 94.9%, 84.5%, 93.6%, and 98.5%, respectively. The effluent could meet the indirect emission standard requirements in Table 2 of new enterprises in Emission Standard of Pollutants for Battery Industry(GB 30484-2013). Finally, it analyzed and studied the engineering investment, operating costs. The process was used to treat lithium battery production wastewater, with designed treatment capacity of 1 000 m³/d. The total project investment was 8.66 million yuan, including 4.35 million yuan for civil engineering and 4.31 million yuan for equipment. The operating costs included electricity, chemical agent, labor, and sludge disposal fees. When the actual water volume was 900 m³/d, the total operating cost was 7.48 yuan/m³, which provided reference for the treatment of similar enterprise production wastewater.

Key words: lithium battery wastewater, heavy metals, coagulation and sedimentation, electro-Fenton, tubular microfiltration membrane, anaerobic reactor

中图分类号: 

• X703