摘要:
随着电子行业的快速发展,印刷电路板(PCB)制造量增长迅速,其生产过程中会产生大量电镀废水,重金属、难降解有机物含量高,处理难度大。以某工业园区的电镀废水处理工程为例,根据分类收集、分质处理的原则,将8股不同废水(含氰镍废水等)分类收集,经分质调节后进入化学预处理单元,出水达到《电镀污染物排放标准》(GB 21900—2008)后,进入综合废水处理系统,采用“混凝沉淀池+水解酸化池+脱氮A/O+二沉池+高效沉淀池+高级催化氧化池+曝气生物滤池(BAF)+次氯酸钠消毒”工艺处理。总结了PCB电镀废水处理的工艺流程设计要点,并探讨了设计过程中关键参数的选取及成本效果分析。PCB生产废水经化学预处理、生化处理、深度处理后,出水优于《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级标准中的A类标准,为类似污水处理设计与运行提供参考。
关键词:
电镀废水,
氰镍废水,
铜氨废水,
化学预处理,
深度处理
Abstract:
With the rapid development of the electronics industry, the manufacturing quantity of printed circuit boards (PCB) has grown swiftly. The production process generates a large amount of electroplating wastewater, with high contents of heavy metals and refractory organic compounds, making it difficult to be treated. Taking the electroplating wastewater treatment project in an industrial park as an example, according to the principle of classified collection and quality-based treatment, eight different types of wastewater (including cyanide nickel wastewater, etc.) were collected separately. After quality adjustment, the wastewater entered the chemical pretreatment unit. After the effluent met the Electroplating Pollutant Emission Standards (GB 21900-2008), it proceeded to the comprehensive wastewater treatment system. The treatment process included “coagulation sedimentation tank+hydrolysis acidification tank+denitrification A/O+secondary sedimentation tank+high-efficiency sedimentation tank+advanced catalytic oxidation tank+aeration biological filter (BAF)+sodium hypochlorite disinfection”. The design essentials of the PCB electroplating wastewater treatment process were summarized, and the selection of key parameters in the design process and cost-effectiveness analysis were discussed. After chemical pretreatment, biochemical treatment, and advanced treatment, the effluent of PCB production wastewater was superior to the Class A standard of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant Pollutant Emission Standards (GB 18918-2002), which provided a reference for the design and operation of similar wastewater treatment.
Key words:
electroplating wastewater,
nickel cyanide wastewater,
copper ammonia wastewater,
chemical pretreatment,
advanced treatment
中图分类号:
李洋, 张东方, 刘继先, 杜浩升, 王晓杰. PCB电镀废水综合深度处理工程实例[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(3): 212-218.
Yang LI, Dongfang ZHANG, Jixian LIU, Haosheng DU, Xiaojie WANG. Case study on the comprehensive advanced treatment of PCB electroplating wastewater[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(3): 212-218.