摘要：

为了研究适宜于季节性水质波动条件下矿井水处理的最优实验条件，提出面向生态灌溉的矿井水处理方法，进一步实现露天矿区矿井水资源化利用。以内蒙古某露天煤矿冬、夏两季矿井水为研究对象，选取新型成核剂硅藻土与传统助凝剂阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺（CPAM）、混凝剂聚合氯化铝（PAC）联合投加，对其进行强化混凝处理。结果表明：PAC单独投加条件下，随着PAC投加量的增加，出水TDS逐渐升高，HCO₃ ^-浓度逐渐降低；200 mg/L PAC+CPAM联合投加方式下，投加4 mg/L CPAM时冬、夏两季矿井水出水浊度取得最低值0.46、1.04 NTU，浊度去除率高达99.51%、99.71%。CPAM投加量的增加对总溶解固体（TDS）没有显著的影响，对HCO₃ ^-浓度影响很小或没有影响，去除效果不明显。矾花形成快速，时间明显短于PAC单独投加与200 mg/L PAC+硅藻土联合投加，此外，随着CPAM投加量的递增，矾花形成时间呈现依次变短的趋势；200 mg/L PAC+硅藻土联合投加方式下，投加400 mg/L硅藻土时冬、夏两季矿井水浊度分别为6.01、8.25 NTU，达到《城市污水再生利用 绿地灌溉水质》（GB/T 25499—2010）限制性绿地的限值要求，浊度去除率达93.58%、97.67%，TDS、HCO₃ ^-浓度变化基本不受硅藻土投加量的影响。

关键词: 矿井水, 强化混凝, 助凝剂, 成核剂

Abstract:

In order to study the optimum optimal experimental conditions that was suitable for mine water under the condition of seasonal water quality fluctuations，the mine water treatment methods oriented to ecological irrigation was proposed. The utilization of mine water resources in open-pit mining areas was further realized. Taking the winter and summer mine water of an open-pit coal mine in Inner Mongolia as the research object，the new nucleating agent kieselguhr combined dosing with the traditional coagulant-aid cationic polyacrylamide（CPAM），and the coagulant polyaluminum chloride（PAC） was used to enhance its coagulation treatment. Experiment results showed that the content of TDS increased successively and the concentration of HCO₃ ^- decreased gradually with the increase of PAC dosage under the condition of adding PAC separately. Under the combined addition method of 200 mg/L PAC+CPAM，the lowest values of turbidity of mine water in winter and summer were 0.46 NTU and 1.04 NTU respectively when dosing 4 mg/L CPAM，turbidity removal rate was as high as 99.51%，99.71%. The content of TDS had no significant increase or decrease change with the increase of CPAM，meanwhile，the concentration of HCO₃ ^- had little or no effect，and the removal effect was not obvious. The mine water in winter and summer alum flowers form rapidly and the formation time was the shortest than adding PAC alone and 200 mg/L PAC+kieselguhr，combined dosing，furthermore，the formation time of alum flower is getting shorter with the increase of CPAM dosage. Adopt combined addition method of 200 mg/L PAC+kieselguhr，the turbidity of mine water in winter and summer were 6.01 NTU and 8.25 NTU respectively when dosing 400 mg/L kieselguhr，which reached the limit requirements for restricted access green space of the reuse of “urban recycling water-Water quality standard for green space irrigation（GB/T 25499—2010）”，turbidity removal rates were 93.58%，97.67%. The change of TDS content and HCO₃ ^- concentration was basically unaffected by the dosage of kieselguhr.

Key words: mine water, enhanced coagulation, coagulant-aid, nucleating agent

中图分类号: 

• X523