工业水处理 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 22-27. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-0167

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

海水淡化浓盐水排海的环境影响与对策

齐延民1,2, 刘昕1, 王立明1,2, 孙珊1,2   

  1. 1.山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东 烟台 264006
    2.山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006
  • 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-05-23
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1407601);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019JZZY020705)

Effects and countermeasures of desalination concentrated brine discharge on ecological environment

Yanmin QI1,2, Xin LIU1, Liming WANG1,2, Shan SUN1,2   

  1. 1.Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
    2.Shandong Key Lab of Marine Ecological Restoration, Yantai 264006, China
  • Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-05-23

摘要:

目前虽未见海水淡化工程对其所在海域的生态环境造成严重破坏的相关报道,但由于浓盐水具有高盐度、高温的特点,且含有铝、重金属和杀菌剂余氯,会明显抑制部分浮游动植物的生长;而在浓盐水排放的相关海域中,鱼类丰度和物种丰富度有所提高。因此,需要进一步研究浓盐水排放对海洋生态环境的影响。综述了国内外海水淡化产生的浓盐水的排放现状和管理要求,重点分析了海水淡化工程浓盐水排放对海洋生态环境造成的影响,并提出减缓影响的相应对策与建议。通过梳理现有排放方式,发现通过优化浓盐水排放口设计,采用混合排放技术、综合利用与零排放技术等相应措施,可进一步减缓浓盐水排海的影响范围和程度。随着海水淡化产能的增加,建议在海水淡化工程取排水海域开展生态环境常规监测,以加强对海水淡化排放浓盐水的监测评估,对海水淡化管理的相关政策和标准进行研究和分析,以促进海水淡化产业健康、可持续发展。

关键词: 海水淡化, 浓盐水, 海洋生态环境, 影响分析

Abstract:

There are no reports of desalination projects causing serious damage to the ecological environment of the sea, but because of the high salinity and high temperature of concentrated brine, and the presence of aluminum, heavy metals and residual chlorine, it will significantly inhibit the growth of some phytoplankton. Fish abundance and species richness increased in the sea areas associated with concentrated brine discharge. Therefore, the impact of concentrated brine discharge on the marine ecosystem needs further study. The current situation and management requirements of concentrated brine discharge at home and abroad were summarized, the impact of desalination brine discharge on marine ecological environment was analyzed, and corresponding suggestions to mitigate the impact were proposed. By combing through the existing discharge methods, it was found that by optimizing the design of concentrated brine discharge port,adopting the corresponding measures such as mixed discharge technology, comprehensive utilization and zero discharge technology, the influence range and extent of concentrated brine discharge could be further reduced. With the increase of desalination capacity, it is recommended to carry out routine monitoring of ecological environment in the sea area, in order to strengthen the monitoring and assessment of the concentrated brine discharged from desalination, and to analyze the relevant policies and standards for the desalination management, so as to promote the sustainable development of desalination industry.

Key words: seawater desalination, brine, marine ecological environment, influence analysis

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