摘要：

铀转化生产过程中产生大量高浓度含氟废水，这些废水必须得到经济有效的处理后才能排放。采用“化学混凝沉淀+超滤+阴离子交换树脂”组合工艺处理该类高浓度含氟废水。运行结果表明，在进水氟质量浓度在15 000~17 000 mg/L之间时，化学混凝沉淀工艺能去除废水中大部分的氟，出水氟质量浓度可降至35~70 mg/L；超滤对沉淀后的压滤液也能起到很好的除氟作用，出水氟质量浓度能降到8~15 mg/L；阴离子交换树脂能有效吸附超滤清液中残留的氟，出水氟质量浓度稳定在2 mg/L以下，达到《污水综合排放标准》（GB 8978—1996）一级标准（F^-质量浓度<10 mg/L）。经废水处理成本测算，该组合工艺吨水处理总费用约21.5元。

关键词: 高浓度含氟废水, 化学混凝沉淀, 超滤, 阴离子交换树脂

Abstract:

A large amount of high concentration fluorine-containing wastewater was generated during the uranium conversion production process, which must be treated economically and effectively before being discharged. The combination process of chemical coagulation-precipitation+ultrafiltration+anion exchange resin was used to treat this type of high concentration fluorine-containing wastewater. The operation results showed that when the influent fluoride concentration was between 15 000 and 17 000 mg/L, the chemical coagulation-precipitation process could remove most of the fluoride in the wastewater, and the effluent fluoride concentration could be reduced to 35-70 mg/L. Ultrafiltration could also effectively remove fluoride from the filtered solution after precipitation, reducing the fluoride concentration in the effluent to 8-15 mg/L. Anion exchange resin could effectively adsorb residual fluoride in ultrafiltration clear liquid, and the concentration of fluoride in the effluent remained stable below 2 mg/L, meeting the first level standard (F^- concentration <10 mg/L) of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard(GB 8978-1996). The operating cost of the sewage treatment was 21.5 yuan per ton of water.

Key words: high concentration fluorine-containing wastewater, chemical coagulation-precipitation, ultrafiltration, anion exchange resin

中图分类号: 

• X703