工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 38-46. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0491

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市污水PN/A工艺中NOB抑制的挑战与对策研究进展

任核葶(), 刘浩杰   

  1. 苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏 苏州 215009
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-27 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-22
  • 作者简介:

    任核葶(1998— ),硕士研究生,E-mail:

Research progress on challenges and countermeasures for NOB suppression in urban wastewater PN/A process

Heting REN(), Haojie LIU   

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
  • Received:2024-08-27 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-05-22

摘要:

短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)工艺因节省曝气能耗、无需外加碳源及污泥产量少等优势,成为城市污水生物脱氮工艺的研究热点。城市污水低温、低氨氮的特性使得PN/A工艺中亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)活性抑制困难,进而影响PN/A系统的脱氮效能及稳定性。综述了城市污水PN/A工艺中NOB抑制的挑战及对应解决策略,包括曝气控制、基于生物膜及颗粒污泥的污泥龄(SRT)控制、基于游离氨(FA)/游离亚硝酸(FNA)的NOB活性抑制、强化氨氧化菌(AOB)和厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)活性,以及多种抑制策略联合等。为助力主流PN/A工艺运行调控提供了新思路,并指出深化基础理论研究、开发新型组合工艺强化对NOB的抑制以及提升脱氮性能的稳定性是未来的发展方向。

关键词: 城市污水, 短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺, 亚硝酸盐氧化菌抑制, 氨氧化菌, 亚硝酸盐积累

Abstract:

Partial nitritation and Anammox(PN/A) combined process has become a research hotspot in urban wastewater denitrification process due to the advantages of saving aeration energy, no additional carbon source and low sludge production. The characteristics of low temperature and low ammonia nitrogen in urban wastewater make it difficult to inhibit the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria(NOB) in PN/A process, which affects the denitrification efficiency and stability of PN/A system. Therefore, this article reviewed the challenges for NOB inhibition in urban wastewater PN/A process and the corresponding solutions, including aeration control, sludge retention time(SRT) control based on biofilm and granular sludge, inhibition of NOB activity based on free ammonia(FA)/free nitrous acid(FNA), enhancement of ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB) and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AnAOB), and the combination of multiple inhibition strategies. It provided a new idea for the operation and control of the mainstream PN/A process, and pointed out that deepening basic theoretical research, developing new combined processes to strengthen the inhibition of NOB and improving the stability of denitrification performance were the future development directions.

Key words: urban wastewater, PN/A process, NOB inhibition, AOB, nitrite accumulation

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