溶解氧/四环素对炭基BAF处理模拟养殖废水的影响

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0775

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对南疆养猪废水处理成本高及抗生素残留等问题，采用曝气生物滤池（BAF）处理模拟养殖废水，考察不同滤料对污染物去除效果的影响。设置3组反应器，分别为竹炭（Z-BAF）、陶粒（T-BAF）及竹炭+陶粒混合（ZT-BAF，体积比1∶1）反应器，通过调控溶解氧（DO）和四环素（TC）浓度，评估BAF对污染物的去除效能。结果表明，DO调节前（3.00~4.00 mg/L），各BAF对污染物降解性能稳定；调低DO后（1.50~2.50 mg/L），ZT-BAF较Z-BAF和T-BAF对COD和NH₄ ⁺-N的去除效果更稳定，DO变化对TP去除效果影响不显著。随曝气量恢复，各系统性能快速回升。当投加10 mg/L TC时，3组BAF对COD和TP的去除效果均受到显著影响，T-BAF的COD去除率下降最显著（4.31%），Z-BAF的TP去除率下降最显著（8.34%）。在长期运行中各BAF内污染物的降解性能均受到了TC的抑制，但ZT-BAF抗冲击负荷能力较强，运行稳定性优于单一滤料系统。混合滤料对TC的吸附作用使微生物受TC的毒害作用更低，同时生物膜的可驯化性进一步增强了系统耐受性。ZT-BAF在抗DO波动和TC抑制方面更具优势，为BAF处理含抗生素实际养殖废水提供了技术参考。

关键词: 养猪废水, 溶解氧, 四环素, 曝气生物滤池, 竹炭

Abstract:

To address the problems of high cost of swine wastewater treatment and antibiotic residues in South Xinjiang, the biological aerated filter(BAF) was used to treat the simulated aquaculture wastewater to investigate the effects of different filter media on the removal of pollutants. Three groups of reactors were set up, namely bamboo charcoal (Z-BAF), ceramic(T-BAF) and bamboo charcoal+ceramic mixed(ZT-BAF, volume ratio 1∶1) reactors, to evaluate the removal efficacy of BAF on pollutants by regulating the concentration of dissolved oxygen(DO) and tetracycline (TC). The results showed that the degradation performance of each BAF for pollutants was stable before DO regulation (3.00-4.00 mg/L), and the removal of COD and NH₄ ⁺-N was more stable with ZT-BAF than Z-BAF and T-BAF after lowering DO (1.50-2.50 mg/L), and the change of DO had no significant influence on the TP removal. The performance of the systems recovered rapidly with the recovery of aeration. When 10 mg/L TC was added, the removal of COD and TP by all three groups of BAFs was significantly affected, with the most significant decrease in COD removal by T-BAF (4.31%) and TP removal by Z-BAF (8.34%). The degradation performance of pollutants in each BAF was inhibited by TC in long-term operation, while ZT-BAF had better shock load resistance and better operational stability than the single media system. The adsorption of TC by the mixed filter media resulted in lower toxicity of microorganisms by TC, while the domesticability of biofilm further enhanced the system tolerance. ZT-BAF had more advantages in anti-DO fluctuation and TC inhibition, which provided a technical reference for BAF treatment of actual aquaculture wastewater containing antibiotics.

Key words: swine wastewater, dissolved oxygen, tetracycline, biological aerated filter, bamboo charcoal

中图分类号:

X703.1

王杰, 钟鸣扬, 李发永, 尤永军, 张娟香, 肖飞, 孙晓雷. 溶解氧/四环素对炭基BAF处理模拟养殖废水的影响[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(9): 95-102.

Jie WANG, Mingyang ZHONG, Fayong LI, Yongjun YOU, Juanxiang ZHANG, Fei XIAO, Xiaolei SUN. The impact of dissolved oxygen/tetracycline on the treatment of simulated aquaculture wastewater by carbon-based BAF[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(9): 95-102.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I9/95

图/表 10

表1 模拟养猪沼液尾水水质

Table 1 Water quality of simulated pig manure effluent

水质指标

COD/

（mg·L^-1）

NH₄ ⁺-N/

（mg·L^-1）

TP/

（mg·L^-1）

SS/

（mg·L^-1）

表2 微量元素营养液配方

Table 2 Formula of trace element nutrient solution

化合物	数值	化合物	数值
EDTA-2Na/（mg·L^-1）	57.1	（NH₄）₂MoO₄/（mg·L^-1）	1.1
CoCl₂·6H₂O/（mg·L^-1）	1.6	ZnSO₄·7H₂O/（mg·L^-1）	3.9
FeSO₄·7H₂O/（mg·L^-1）	5.0	CaCl₂/（mg·L^-1）	5.3
MnCl₂·4H₂O/（mg·L^-1）	5.1	CuSO₄/（mg·L^-1）	1.0

图1 BAF竹炭及陶粒滤料

Fig.1 Bamboo charcoal and ceramic filter materials of BAF

图2 BAF试验装置

Fig.2 BAF test setup

表3 BAF反应器各阶段的运行时间及参数

Table 3 Operating time and parameters for each stage of the BAF reactor

阶段	运行时间/d	DO/（mg·L^-1）			TC/（mg·L^-1）
阶段	运行时间/d	Z-BAF	T-BAF	ZT-BAF	Z-BAF	T-BAF	ZT-BAF
阶段Ⅰ	18	3.00~4.00	3.00~4.00	3.00~4.00	0	0	0
阶段Ⅱ	18	1.50~2.50	1.50~2.50	1.50~2.50	0	0	0
阶段Ⅲ	17	3.00~4.00	3.00~4.00	3.00~4.00	0	0	0
阶段Ⅳ	9	3.00~4.00	3.00~4.00	3.00~4.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
阶段Ⅴ	7	3.00~4.00	3.00~4.00	3.00~4.00	10.00	10.00	10.00

图3 不同BAF对COD的降解效果

Fig.3 Degradation effect of different BAF on COD

图4 不同BAF对NH₄ ⁺-N的降解效果

Fig.4 Degradation effect of different BAF on NH₄ ⁺-N

图5 不同BAF对TP的降解效果

Fig.5 Degradation effect of different BAF on TP

图6 不同BAF出水NO₃ ^--N、NO₂ ^--N浓度变化

Fig.6 Variation of NO₃ ^--N and NO₂ ^--N concentration in effluent with different BAF

图7 不同BAF出水pH变化

Fig.7 Changes in pH of effluent with different BAF

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