摘要：

为阐明壳聚糖（CTS）对好氧颗粒污泥（AGS）形成及建筑涂料废水处理效能的影响，采用序批式反应器（SBR），考察了不同CTS投加量下AGS的颗粒化进程及污染物去除性能。结果表明，CTS有利于AGS快速形成并提高对污染物的去除效果，CTS投加量为12.0 g/L时，系统对COD、NH₄ ⁺-N和TN的去除率分别高达95.2%~98.7%、94.5%~96.8%、75.8%~79.2%，均显著高于对照组；CTS投加组（3.0~12.0 g/L）对磷酸盐的去除率提高至91.5%~96.8%。CTS增强了污泥沉降性能（SVI降至50.8 mL/g）并刺激微生物分泌胞外聚合物（EPS），其中EPS增至106.2~112.8 mg/g，蛋白质（PN）显著提高至68.5~70.6 mg/g。CTS还提高了微生物的代谢活性，比耗氧速率（SOUR）升至46.5~52.3 mg/（g·h）（以单位时间和单位质量VSS消耗的O₂质量计）。CTS在AGS系统内可被微生物降解，且其去除率随初始浓度增加而提高。CTS可通过其生物相容性及活性基团促进污泥凝聚，同时刺激EPS（尤其是PN）分泌以构建AGS结构骨架，加速颗粒化进程。CTS还可通过优化AGS微环境提升微生物代谢活性，从而协同强化对污染物的降解效能。

关键词: 生物絮凝剂, 壳聚糖, 建筑涂料废水, 好氧颗粒污泥

Abstract:

To elucidate the effects of chitosan(CTS) on the formation of aerobic granular sludge(AGS) and its performance in treating architectural coating wastewater, a sequencing batch reactor(SBR) was employed to investigate the granulation process of AGS and pollutant removal under different CTS dosages. The results showed that CTS was beneficial to the rapid formation of AGS and improved the removal efficiency of pollutants. When the CTS dosage was 12.0 g/L, the removal rates of COD, NH₄⁺-N, and TN in the system reached as high as 95.2%-98.7%, 94.5%-96.8%, and 75.8%-79.2%, respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those of the control group. The phosphate removal rates in the CTS-added groups (3.0-12.0 g/L) were all increased to 91.5%-96.8%. CTS improved sludge settleability (reducing SVI to 50.8 mL/g) and stimulated microbial secretion of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS), with total EPS content increasing to 106.2-112.8 mg/g and protein(PN) concentration significantly rising to 68.5-70.6 mg/g. CTS also enhanced the metabolic activity of microorganisms, with the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) rising to 46.5-52.3 mg/(g·h) (based on O₂ consumption per unit time and per unit mass of VSS). CTS could be biodegraded by microorganisms in the AGS system, and the removal rate increased with the increase of initial concentration. CTS facilitated sludge flocculation through its biocompatibility and active functional groups, while simultaneously stimulated EPS (particularly PN) secretion to construct the structural framework of AGS, thereby accelerating granulation. Furthermore, CTS optimized the AGS microenvironment to enhance microbial metabolic activity, resulting in synergistic improvement of pollutant degradation efficiency.

Key words: biological flocculants, chitosan, architectural coating wastewater, aerobic granular sludge

中图分类号: 

• X703