氮掺杂茄子基生物炭制备微生物燃料电池阳极研究

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0799

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微生物燃料电池（MFC）的阳极是决定其性能的关键因素之一，为了提高传统碳布材料（CC）的生物相容性及生物电催化活性，以氮掺杂茄子基多孔生物炭（NEPC）对CC进行表面修饰，制备了不同氮掺杂比例的茄子基生物炭阳极（N _x EPC/CC）。当尿素和茄子粉末的质量比为2∶1时制备的电极N₂EPC/CC具有最佳的性能，电极形貌结构表征及元素形态分析结果表明其表面形成了致密的互联多孔网状结构，氮原子数分数高达12.21%；附着电活性生物膜后，N₂EPC/CC电极的电荷转移内阻为9.32 Ω，较未挂膜阳极下降了44.3%，表明生物膜的附着提高了电极的导电能力及胞外电子传递速率；以N₂EPC/CC为阳极的H型双室MFC的最大功率密度及COD去除率分别为348.48 mW/m²和（87.77±3.60）%，明显优于使用传统碳布阳极及其他氮掺杂比例的茄子基生物炭阳极。微生物群落分析表明，N₂EPC/CC阳极表面形成了以Geobacter（7.29%）及Candidatus_Competibacter（6.75%）等功能菌为优势菌群的微生物群落结构，具有较强的物种优势度，从而有利于强化N₂EPC/CC-MFC的产电性能及COD去除效能。

关键词: 茄子基生物炭, 氮掺杂, 微生物燃料电池, 阳极, 微生物群落

Abstract:

The anode of microbial fuel cell(MFC) is one of the key factors determining its performance. To improve the biocompatibility and bioelectrocatalytic activity of traditional carbon cloth(CC),nitrogen-doped eggplant-based porous carbon(NEPC) was prepared to modify the surface of CC, then the anodes(N _x EPC/CC) with different nitrogen doping ratios were fabricated. When the mass ratio of urea and eggplant powder was 2∶1,the electrode(N₂EPC/CC) prepared showed the best performance. The results of morphological structure and chemical characteristics showed that a dense interconnected porous network structure was formed on the surface of N₂EPC/CC, and the percentage of nitrogen atom was as high as 12.21%. The charge transfer resistance of the N₂EPC/CC electrode diminished to 9.32 Ω after the electroactive biofilms attached,with 44.3% reduction compared to the bare electrode,which indicated that the formation of biofilms improved the conductivity and extracellular electron transfer rate of the electrode.The maximum power density and COD removal rate of the H-type dual chamber MFC with N₂EPC/CC as the anode were 348.48 mW/m² and (87.77±3.60)%, respectively, which were significantly better than the traditional carbon cloth anodes and other nitrogen-doped eggplant-based biochar anodes. Microbial community analysis showed that the surface of N₂EPC/CC anode formed a microbial community structure dominated by functional bacteria such as Geobacter(7.29%) and Candidatus_Competibacter(6.75%), with strong species dominance, which was beneficial for enhancing the electricity production performance and COD removal efficiency of N₂EPC/CC-MFC.

Key words: eggplant-based biochar, nitrogen doping, microbial fuel cell, anode, microbial community

中图分类号:

TM911.45

田宇, 王海曼, 王贵强. 氮掺杂茄子基生物炭制备微生物燃料电池阳极研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(10): 59-68.

Yu TIAN, Haiman WANG, Guiqiang WANG. Study on the preparation of microbial fuel cell anode by nitrogen-doped eggplant-based biochar[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(10): 59-68.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I10/59

图/表 11

参考文献 41

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电极	挂膜前R _s	挂膜前R _ct	有生物膜R _s	有生物膜R _ct
CC	2.95	38.57	8.03	25.71
N₀EPC/CC	2.33	27.53	6.54	18.54
N_0.5EPC/CC	3.46	21.27	7.88	13.78
N₁EPC/CC	3.64	19.85	8.21	13.07
N₂EPC/CC	4.38	16.73	9.12	9.32

电极	挂膜前R _s	挂膜前R _ct	有生物膜R _s	有生物膜R _ct
CC	2.95	38.57	8.03	25.71
N₀EPC/CC	2.33	27.53	6.54	18.54
N_0.5EPC/CC	3.46	21.27	7.88	13.78
N₁EPC/CC	3.64	19.85	8.21	13.07
N₂EPC/CC	4.38	16.73	9.12	9.32

阳极材料制备原料	阳极材料制备方法	MFC反应器	接种物	P _max/（mW·m^-2）	P _max/P _CC	参考文献
氮掺杂茄子基生物炭+碳布	后处理法	双室	某污水处理厂污泥	348.48	4.5	本研究
氮掺杂碳纳米颗粒+碳布		双室	希瓦氏菌MR-1	298	3.5	〔14〕
栗子壳生物炭+碳布		单室	某污水处理厂污泥	850	2.39	〔12〕
吐司+三聚氰胺	原位合成法	双室	活性厌氧污泥	3 049.714	6.54	〔36〕
蒲公英种子+硝酸+碳布	后处理法	双室	某污水处理厂污泥	1 122.41	1.6	〔37〕
丝瓜+聚苯胺	原位合成法	单室	活性厌氧污泥	1 092	1.5	〔9〕

阳极材料制备原料	阳极材料制备方法	MFC反应器	接种物	P _max/（mW·m^-2）	P _max/P _CC	参考文献
氮掺杂茄子基生物炭+碳布	后处理法	双室	某污水处理厂污泥	348.48	4.5	本研究
氮掺杂碳纳米颗粒+碳布		双室	希瓦氏菌MR-1	298	3.5	〔14〕
栗子壳生物炭+碳布		单室	某污水处理厂污泥	850	2.39	〔12〕
吐司+三聚氰胺	原位合成法	双室	活性厌氧污泥	3 049.714	6.54	〔36〕
蒲公英种子+硝酸+碳布	后处理法	双室	某污水处理厂污泥	1 122.41	1.6	〔37〕
丝瓜+聚苯胺	原位合成法	单室	活性厌氧污泥	1 092	1.5	〔9〕

样品	有效序列	OTU	Shannon指数	Simpson指数	Chao1指数	覆盖率
CC	160 335	874	5.936	0.936 9	883.13	0.999 8
N₀EPC/CC	172 468	812	5.591	0.947 6	816.678	0.999 8
N₂EPC/CC	166 781	739	5.512	0.954 6	743.053	0.999 8

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