摘要：

传统自清洁Al₂O₃陶瓷膜分离层的制备多以铝盐和钛盐为原料，需经多工序操作，工艺较为复杂，限制了其规模化应用。为简化复杂工艺，以商用拟薄水铝石（AlOOH·xH₂O）和商用纳米二氧化钛（P25）为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法在α-Al₂O₃多孔陶瓷基体上进行自清洁γ-Al₂O₃/TiO₂复合超滤膜的制备，利用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）对膜的微观结构与物相成分进行表征，以刚果红（CR）为目标污染物，研究了膜的截留性能和自清洁性能。结果表明，当涂膜液中Al₂O₃和TiO₂的物质的量比为1∶3时，制备的膜表面结构致密，孔径分布均匀，平均孔径为10.17 nm，截留性能与循环使用稳定性优异，光催化自清洁循环使用5次后，膜对CR的截留率保持在98%以上，过程中膜通量恢复情况优异。

关键词: 膜污染, 自清洁, 陶瓷超滤膜, 染料截留

Abstract:

The preparation of traditional self-cleaning Al₂O₃ ceramic membrane separation layers is mostly based on aluminum salts and titanium salts as raw materials, requiring multiple processes and complex techniques, which limits the large-scale application. In order to simplify the complex process, industrial pseudo-boehmite powder(AlOOH·xH₂O) and nano-titanium dioxide(P25) were used as raw materials to fabricate self-cleaning γ-Al₂O₃/TiO₂ composite ultrafiltration membrane on an α-Al₂O₃-based porous ceramics through sol-gel method. The microstructure and phase component of the membrane were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM), X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy. The permeability and self-cleaning properties were investigated by employing Congo red(CR) as the target pollutant. The results showed that the ultrafiltration membrane had compact surface and uniform pore size distribution when the molar ratio of Al₂O₃/TiO₂ was 1∶3. The average pore size of the self-cleaning membrane was 10.17 nm. The dye retention and recycling properties were stable. After five successive circulated, the CR dye retention rate maintained above 98%, and the flux recovery during the process was satisfactory.

Key words: membrane fouling, self-cleaning, ceramic ultrafiltration membrane, dye retention

中图分类号: 

• X703.1

• TQ051.893