南方某污水处理厂曝气系统节能降耗研究与实践

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0301

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对污水处理厂曝气系统能耗占比高的问题，以南方某污水处理厂为对象，开展曝气系统节能降耗研究。通过全流程物质轨迹分析，构建了考虑温度、降雨等工况差异的理论需氧量计算模型，结合智能曝气监测仪实时测算实际充氧量，量化了曝气系统节气潜力。结果表明：不同运行环境下生化池COD去除率差异显著，实际平均充氧量为理论需氧量的1.5倍，存在严重过度曝气；基于氧传递效率实时监测，开发了分段曝气优化策略，建议曝气量与实际曝气量的对比显示节气潜力达24.7%。工程验证显示，优化后单位体积水量曝气量从3.85降至2.51，降幅34.8%，风机电耗从0.089 kW·h/m³降至0.061 kW·h/m³，下降31.5%。研究提出的工况适配型需氧量计算方法与智能曝气控制策略为污水处理厂曝气系统精准节能提供了理论与工程实践参考。

关键词: 曝气系统, 节能降耗, 污水处理厂

Abstract:

In response to the problem of high energy consumption of the aeration system in wastewater treatment plants, this paper took a wastewater treatment plant in southern China as the research object and carried out research on energy conservation and consumption reduction of the aeration system. Through full-process material trajectory analysis, a theoretical oxygen demand calculation model considering the differences in operating conditions such as temperature and rainfall was constructed. Combined with the real-time measurement of the actual oxygen supply by an intelligent aeration monitor, the potential for air savings in the aeration system was quantified. The results showed that COD removal rates of the biochemical tank varied significantly under different operating conditions. The average actual oxygen supply was 1.5 times as high as the theoretical oxygen demand, indicating serious over-aeration. Based on the real-time monitoring of the oxygen transfer efficiency, an optimized segmented aeration strategy was developed. The comparison between the recommended aeration volume and the actual aeration volume showed that the potential for air savings was 24.7%. Engineering verification showed that after optimization, the aeration volume per unit of water volume decreased from 3.85 to 2.51, a decrease of 34.8%, and the blower power consumption per unit water volume decreased from 0.089 kW·h/m³ to 0.061 kW·h/m³, a decrease of 31.5%. The operating condition-adaptive oxygen demand calculation method and intelligent aeration control strategy proposed in this study provided theoretical and engineering practical references for the precise energy conservation of the aeration system in wastewater treatment plants.

Key words: aeration system, energy conservation and consumption reduction, wastewater treatment plant

中图分类号:

TU991
X703

赵培红, 赵高利, 吕臣凯, 詹浩东, 王浩博, 庾, 王健, 皇猛, 梅长松. 南方某污水处理厂曝气系统节能降耗研究与实践[J]. 工业水处理, 2026, 46(3): 201-208.

Peihong ZHAO, Gaoli ZHAO, Chenkai LÜ, Haodong ZHAN, Haobo WANG, Zhou YU, Jian WANG, Meng HUANG, Changsong MEI. Research and practice on energy conservation and consumption reduction of the aeration system in a wastewater treatment plant in southern China[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2026, 46(3): 201-208.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2026/V46/I3/201

图/表 13

图1 工艺流程

Fig.1 Process flow

表1 出水水质指标 (mg/L)

Table 1 Quality indicators of effluent

污染物	COD	BOD₅	NH₃-N	TN	TP	SS
限值	40	10	2（3）	10（12）	0.3	10

图2 出水COD与氨氮浓度

Fig.2 Effluent COD and ammonia nitrogen concentrations

图3 全流程采样点位分布

Fig.3 Distribution of sampling points in the whole process

图4 不同环境下COD轨迹变化括号内数值为COD去除率。

Fig.4 COD variation along the process under different environmental conditions

表2 不同环境下生化池各段COD去除率

Table 2 COD removal rate in each section of the bioreactor under different environmental conditions

类别	COD去除率/%
类别	高温晴天	高温雨天	低温晴天	低温雨天
厌氧段	2.5	9.8	3.3	14.8
缺氧段	18.0	8.6	1.3	7.8
好氧段	62.0	30.9	60.4	28.2
生化池	82.5	49.3	65.0	50.8

图5 清水传氧性能曲线

Fig.5 Oxygen transmission performance curve of clear water

图6 TOD与OTR对比

Fig.6 Comparison between TOD and OTR

图7 风量与污染物负荷曲线

Fig.7 Curve of air volume and pollutant load

图8 鼓风机风量与月平均能耗曲线

Fig.8 Curve of air volume and monthly average energy consumption of the blower

图9 曝气效能评价指标曲线

Fig.9 Curve of evaluation indexes for aeration efficiency

图10 建议曝气量与实际曝气量对比分析

Fig.10 Comparison between the recommended aeration volume and the actual aeration volume

图11 进水量稳定情况下智能曝气监测系统对风量的控制情况及风机单电耗

Fig.11 Airflow control performance and unit power consumption of the intelligent aeration monitoring system under stable inflow conditions

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