工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 1-9. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0832

• 专论与综述 •    

厌氧氨氧化亚硝酸盐的供应过程及其强化策略研究进展

夏博宇1(), 戴犇2()   

  1. 1. 同济大学建筑设计研究院(集团)有限公司,上海 200092
    2. 同济大学环境科学与工程学院水污染控制与资源绿色循环全国重点实验室,上海 200092
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-12 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 戴犇
  • 作者简介:

    夏博宇(1994— ),工程师,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201300)

Research progress on the supply process of nitrite for Anammox and its enhancement strategies

Boyu XIA1(), Ben DAI2()   

  1. 1. Tongji Architectural Design (Group) Co. , Ltd. , Shanghai 200092, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2025-02-12 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-11-20
  • Contact: Ben DAI

摘要:

基于厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)的生物脱氮技术被认为是能源中性城市废水处理的可行技术,一般通过短程硝化(PN)耦合Anammox工艺(PNA)或者短程反硝化(PD)耦合Anammox(PDA)工艺实现。然而,亚硝酸盐(NO₂⁻)供应的不稳定性严重阻碍了PNA和PDA工艺在废水处理中的大规模应用。综述了强化PN和PD以稳定供应NO₂⁻的策略与机理。PN和PD工艺均是通过种间选择和代谢控制实现的,其中PN过程通过抑制亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)活性并富集氨氧化菌(AOB)实现,PD过程则依赖于富集渐进式反硝化菌,并通过代谢控制抑制亚硝酸盐还原酶活性或酶合成。在系统分析PN和PD工艺关键问题基础上,提出将PNA和PDA工艺联用是一种有前景的低碳生物脱氮途径,并建议在缺氧区设置PD单元和在“碳限制缺氧区”投加Anammox生物载体以强化主流PNA脱氮效能。

关键词: 厌氧氨氧化, 亚硝酸盐供给, 短程硝化, 短程反硝化, 强化策略

Abstract:

The biological denitrification technology based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox) is considered as a feasible technology for energy neutral urban wastewater treatment, which is generally achieved by two processes: short-range nitrification(PN) coupled with Anammox(PNA) or short-range denitrification(PD) coupled with Anammox(PDA). However, the instability of nitrite(NO2 -) supply seriously hinders the large-scale application of PNA and PDA processes in wastewater treatment. The strategies and mechanisms for strengthening PN and PD to stabilize the supply of NO2 - were summarized. Both PN and PD processes were achieved through interspecies selection and metabolic control. The PN process was achieved by inhibiting the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria(NOB) and enriching ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB), while the PD process relied on enriching progressive denitrifying bacteria and inhibiting nitrite reductase activity or enzyme synthesis through metabolic control. Based on the system analysis of key issues in PN and PD processes, it was proposed that the combination of PNA and PDA processes was a promising low-carbon biological denitrification pathway. It was suggested to set up PD units in the anoxic zone and add Anammox biological carriers in the “carbon limited anoxic zone” to enhance the mainstream PNA denitrification efficiency.

Key words: Anammox, nitrite supply, partial nitrification, partial denitrification, enhancement strategies

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