Functionalization strategy of electrode materials to improve the performance of capacitor deionization

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2020-0844

Abstract

Abstract:

Capacitive deionization(CDI) technology has attracted the attention of researchers in the field of seawater desalination due to its advantages of simple operation, high efficiency, and environmental protection. Electrode materials are always a focus of research in CDI field. This article was focused on the enhancement of capacitive deionization(CDI) performance based on the most popular materials such as activated carbon, graphene, molybdenum disulfide, carbon nanotubes and metal-organic frameworks reviewed in the past three years, and the functionalization of electrode materials was the core. Functional materials had made important progresses in construction strategies and electrosorption performance enhancements, and we had compared the pros and cons among the materials in applicable conditions and electrochemical performance. Through in-depth understanding of the structure-activity relation-ship, we summarized the main modification strategy of the reasonable three-dimensional structure of the mesopores, the doping of impurities, the surface modification and hope to further construct a green, excellent performance electro-adsorption electrode material to achieve efficient desalination. Finally, a reasonable prospect was provided for the development and application of capacitive deionization.

Key words: capacitive deionization, electrode materials, functional modification

摘要：

电容去离子（CDI）技术因其操作简便、高效和绿色等优点备受脱盐领域研究者们关注，电极材料一直是CDI领域研究焦点。围绕电容去离子效能提升，以功能化电极材料为核心，针对活性炭、石墨烯、二硫化钼、碳纳米管及金属有机框架等近3年最为热门的材料，综述了它们及其功能化材料在构建策略、电吸附性能增强方面的重要研究进展，并着重对比了它们应用条件差异和电化学性能优劣。通过深度理解构效关系，总结出介、微孔合理立体架构、杂元素掺杂、表面修饰改性的主体修饰策略，以期进一步构建出制备方法绿色、性能优异的电容去离子用电极材料，实现其高效脱盐应用，最后对电容去离子的发展和应用进行了合理展望。

关键词: 电容去离子, 电极材料, 功能化修饰

CLC Number:

Jian YU,Shen HU,Xumei ZHANG,Kangjun XIE,Haiou SONG,Shupeng ZHANG. Functionalization strategy of electrode materials to improve the performance of capacitor deionization[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2021, 41(11): 32-39.

喻舰,胡绅,张须媚,谢康俊,宋海欧,张树鹏. 提升电容去离子效能的电极材料功能化策略[J]. 工业水处理, 2021, 41(11): 32-39.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2020-0844

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2021/V41/I11/32

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References 52

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材料	比表面积/（m ²·g ^-1）	〔比电容/（F·g ^-1）〕/〔扫速/（mV·s ^-1）〕	电极电压/V	吸附容量/（mg·g ^-1）	盐质量浓度/（mg·L ^-1）
AC-TiO ₂-S^〔21〕	—	238/5	1.2	10.00	500
S-AC^〔22〕	—	—/5	1.0	14.70	500
AT250-20/AC-PVA^〔23〕	46.8	—/—	1.5	34.50	3 200
FAC^〔24〕	—	255/5	1.2	16.50	500
N-HMCS^〔31〕	337.7	226.5/1	1.4	17.80	500
DAB-mGO130^〔27〕	731.4	78.92/5	1.4	13.55	300
TETA-mGO/AC-10%^〔33〕	—	297.57/1	1.6	15.17	60
AC/mPEA-fG^〔34〕	—	27.9/10	1.8	12.58	1 462
MoS ₂^〔36〕	29.5	74.22/5	0.8	8.80	100
T-MoS ₂^〔36〕	42.8	221.35/5	0.8	24.60	100
MoS ₂/PDA-4^〔37〕	—	99.9/20	1.2	16.94	200
g-C ₃N ₄^〔38〕	32.81	18.56/100	1.4	4.90	500
MoS ₂/g-C ₃N ₄^〔38〕	174.26	118.3/100	1.6	24.16	250
MWCNTs/PVA^〔39〕	208	47.4/5	1.2	13.07	59
CNT@SBE-b-CDP^〔40〕	—	60.9/5	1.2	6.37	500
ZIF-8^〔43〕	1187.8	275.69/1	1.2	13.86	500
HZCs^〔44〕	642.7	214.7/5	1.2	15.31	500
ZIF-8/KOH^〔45〕	3276.28	90.53/10	1.2	20.29	1 000
NKZCs^〔45〕	2564.99	155.83/10	1.2	31.30	1 000
ZMCs^〔42〕	614.6	182.22/10	1.2	46.40	1 000
CTFs^〔47〕	361.6	122.63/1	1.2	29.34	1 000
HAT-CN^〔48〕	830.9	179.2/5	1.2	24.66	500
SCBFA-ACs^〔50〕	~125	117/5	1.2	22.80	600
N-CFs^〔51〕	792.4	196.05/1	1.2	12.02	500
AN-CFs^〔51〕	905.3	236.03/1	1.2	16.56	500

材料	比表面积/（m ²·g ^-1）	〔比电容/（F·g ^-1）〕/〔扫速/（mV·s ^-1）〕	电极电压/V	吸附容量/（mg·g ^-1）	盐质量浓度/（mg·L ^-1）
AC-TiO ₂-S^〔21〕	—	238/5	1.2	10.00	500
S-AC^〔22〕	—	—/5	1.0	14.70	500
AT250-20/AC-PVA^〔23〕	46.8	—/—	1.5	34.50	3 200
FAC^〔24〕	—	255/5	1.2	16.50	500
N-HMCS^〔31〕	337.7	226.5/1	1.4	17.80	500
DAB-mGO130^〔27〕	731.4	78.92/5	1.4	13.55	300
TETA-mGO/AC-10%^〔33〕	—	297.57/1	1.6	15.17	60
AC/mPEA-fG^〔34〕	—	27.9/10	1.8	12.58	1 462
MoS ₂^〔36〕	29.5	74.22/5	0.8	8.80	100
T-MoS ₂^〔36〕	42.8	221.35/5	0.8	24.60	100
MoS ₂/PDA-4^〔37〕	—	99.9/20	1.2	16.94	200
g-C ₃N ₄^〔38〕	32.81	18.56/100	1.4	4.90	500
MoS ₂/g-C ₃N ₄^〔38〕	174.26	118.3/100	1.6	24.16	250
MWCNTs/PVA^〔39〕	208	47.4/5	1.2	13.07	59
CNT@SBE-b-CDP^〔40〕	—	60.9/5	1.2	6.37	500
ZIF-8^〔43〕	1187.8	275.69/1	1.2	13.86	500
HZCs^〔44〕	642.7	214.7/5	1.2	15.31	500
ZIF-8/KOH^〔45〕	3276.28	90.53/10	1.2	20.29	1 000
NKZCs^〔45〕	2564.99	155.83/10	1.2	31.30	1 000
ZMCs^〔42〕	614.6	182.22/10	1.2	46.40	1 000
CTFs^〔47〕	361.6	122.63/1	1.2	29.34	1 000
HAT-CN^〔48〕	830.9	179.2/5	1.2	24.66	500
SCBFA-ACs^〔50〕	~125	117/5	1.2	22.80	600
N-CFs^〔51〕	792.4	196.05/1	1.2	12.02	500
AN-CFs^〔51〕	905.3	236.03/1	1.2	16.56	500

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