Removal of phenol from pharmaceutical wastewater by bioaugmented microbial fuel cells and evaluation of power production performance

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-1239

Abstract

Abstract:

Using anaerobic sludge as anode chamber substrate and simulated phenol pharmaceutical wastewater as anode chamber substrate, S. oneidensis MR-1 was added to two-chamber microbial fuel cells(MFC) in the forms of free cells and immobilized cells, to construct a two-chamber MFC with free cells(MFC2) and immobilized cells(MFC3) for simultaneous treatment of phenol pharmaceutical wastewater. A two-chamber MFC(MFC1) without electrogenic bacteria was used as control group. The effects of the addition form of S. oneidensis MR-1 on the power generation process of the two-chamber MFC were investigated, and the pollutant removal efficiency and microbial community characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that under three cycles of continuous operation, the electricity generation performance and pollutant removal effect of MFC3 system were the best. The maximum output voltage was 633 mV, the maximum power density was 582.7 mW/m², the open circuit voltage was 835.9 mV, the internal resistance was 398.8 Ω, the average COD removal rate was 82.5%, the average NH₄ ⁺-N removal rate was 74.1%, the average phenol removal rate was 82.0%, and the average coulombic efficiency was 26.6%. According to high-throughput sequencing results, the abundance of electrogenic bacteria in anode biofilm increased, and the dominant bacteria in anode biofilm were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and Firmicutes. Immobilized cell technology has played a role in bioaugmentation of two-chamber MFC, which provides a certain reference value for energy conversion in sewage wastewater, and promotes the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction.

Key words: microbial fuel cell, bioaugmentation, pharmaceutical wastewater, power generation, pollutant removal

摘要：

以厌氧污泥为阳极室底物，模拟苯酚制药废水为阳极室基质，将产电菌S. oneidensis MR-1以游离态细胞与固定化细胞两种形式加入双室微生物燃料电池（MFC），构建同步处理苯酚制药废水的游离态细胞双室MFC（MFC2）与固定化细胞双室MFC（MFC3），以不添加产电菌的双室MFC（MFC1）为对照组，探讨产电菌S. oneidensis MR-1投加形式对双室MFC产电过程的影响，并分析污染物去除效果与微生物群落特征。结果表明，在3周期的连续运行下，MFC3系统的产电性能与污染物去除效果最佳，最大输出电压为633 mV，最大功率密度为582.7 mW/m²，开路电压为835.9 mV，内阻为398.8 Ω，平均COD去除率为82.5%，平均NH₄ ⁺-N去除率为74.1%，平均苯酚去除率为82.0%，平均库仑效率为26.6%。根据高通量测序结果，MFC3的阳极生物膜产电菌丰度增加，优势菌群为Proteobacteria（变形菌门）、Bacteroidota（拟杆菌门）、Firmicutes（厚壁菌门）。固定化细胞技术对双室MFC起到了生物强化作用，为污废水中能源转化提供了一定参考价值，可推动减污降碳协同增效。

关键词: 微生物燃料电池, 生物强化, 制药废水, 产电性能, 污染物去除

CLC Number:

Yongqiang ZHU, Qian SHEN, Tingting XU, Xin LIN. Removal of phenol from pharmaceutical wastewater by bioaugmented microbial fuel cells and evaluation of power production performance[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(1): 49-57.

朱勇强, 沈倩, 许婷婷, 林鑫. 生物强化MFC去除制药废水中的苯酚及产电性能评估[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(1): 49-57.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-1239

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2025/V45/I1/49

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References 40

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项目	MFC1				MFC2				MFC3
项目	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	平均	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	平均	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	平均
COD去除率/%	60.7	68.2	65.3	64.7	66.1	76.6	80.3	74.4	78.0	82.7	86.7	82.5
NH₄ ⁺-N去除率/%	68.2	73.1	68.6	70.0	67.4	73.4	77.7	72.7	76.4	73.3	75.9	74.1
苯酚去除率/%	69.6	78.1	75.7	74.6	77.3	83.6	80.4	80.5	78.7	81.8	85.4	82.0
库仑效率/%	14.4	18.6	15.9	16.3	20.7	23.7	25.3	23.2	23.0	27.7	29.1	26.6

项目	MFC1				MFC2				MFC3
项目	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	平均	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	平均	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	平均
COD去除率/%	60.7	68.2	65.3	64.7	66.1	76.6	80.3	74.4	78.0	82.7	86.7	82.5
NH₄ ⁺-N去除率/%	68.2	73.1	68.6	70.0	67.4	73.4	77.7	72.7	76.4	73.3	75.9	74.1
苯酚去除率/%	69.6	78.1	75.7	74.6	77.3	83.6	80.4	80.5	78.7	81.8	85.4	82.0
库仑效率/%	14.4	18.6	15.9	16.3	20.7	23.7	25.3	23.2	23.0	27.7	29.1	26.6

构型	阳极	酚类污染物类型与质量浓度	电阻/Ω	最大电压/mV	最大功率密度/（mW·m^-2）	酚类污染物去除率/%	COD去除率/%	参考文献
双室	PANI/SnO₂涂层碳布阳极	300 mg/L酚、2，4，6-三氯苯酚	470	661	454.81		82.67	〔29〕
厌氧流化床MFC	以改性树脂作为生物载体的碳棒	含150 mg/L异丙醇的合成废水（间甲酚、苯酚和苯）		489.2	131.43		88.92	〔30〕
双室	MWCNT/PPy涂层碳纸	200 mg/L苯酚	470	664	560.72		77.24	〔31〕
单室	TiO₂光阳极	5 mg/L邻氯苯酚	500	367	301	76.20		〔32〕
双室	电活性生物膜阳极	10 mg/L 2-氯苯酚	500	600	474.49	100		〔33〕
双室	电活性生物膜阳极	10 mg/L 2，4-二氯苯酚	500	560	472.29	89.0		〔33〕
双室	固定产电菌碳毡	100 mg/L苯酚	1 000	633	582.7	85.4	86.7	本研究

构型	阳极	酚类污染物类型与质量浓度	电阻/Ω	最大电压/mV	最大功率密度/（mW·m^-2）	酚类污染物去除率/%	COD去除率/%	参考文献
双室	PANI/SnO₂涂层碳布阳极	300 mg/L酚、2，4，6-三氯苯酚	470	661	454.81		82.67	〔29〕
厌氧流化床MFC	以改性树脂作为生物载体的碳棒	含150 mg/L异丙醇的合成废水（间甲酚、苯酚和苯）		489.2	131.43		88.92	〔30〕
双室	MWCNT/PPy涂层碳纸	200 mg/L苯酚	470	664	560.72		77.24	〔31〕
单室	TiO₂光阳极	5 mg/L邻氯苯酚	500	367	301	76.20		〔32〕
双室	电活性生物膜阳极	10 mg/L 2-氯苯酚	500	600	474.49	100		〔33〕
双室	电活性生物膜阳极	10 mg/L 2，4-二氯苯酚	500	560	472.29	89.0		〔33〕
双室	固定产电菌碳毡	100 mg/L苯酚	1 000	633	582.7	85.4	86.7	本研究

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