Treatment of petrochemical wastewater with low C/N by IFFAS-ESMBR integrated composite process

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-1261

Abstract

Abstract:

A new integrated composite process(IFFAS-ESMBR) based on integrated free floating biofilm-activated sludge(IFFAS) and electrochemical sequence membrane bioreactor(ESMBR) was constructed, which enhanced the biological treatment performance of low C/N petrochemical wastewater with the help of bioelectrochemical system and membrane filtration. The results showed that for the treatment of low C/N actual petrochemical wastewater (COD/TN=4.3∶1, COD 1 969 mg/L, TN 460 mg/L), the average removal rates of COD, NH₄ ⁺-N, and TN by this composite process during stable operation could reach 98.1%, 91.3%, and 89.1%, respectively. Under the applied voltage of -1.2 V, the average growth rate of transmembrane pressure difference(TMP) of CNT-PVDF composite hollow fiber membrane was only 2.5 kPa/d, and the PN/PS of sludge on the membrane surface decreased gradually, indicating that the degree of irreversible membrane fouling was mild. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing showed that a large number of carbon and nitrogen removal functional bacteria, such as Rhodobacterales, Verrucomicrobiales, Anaerolineales and Xanthomonadales, were enriched in suspended sludge, membrane surface sludge and carrier surface sludge, which played a significant role in the degradation of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in the reactor. In addition, a large number of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria such as Nitrosomonadales and Burkholderiales were enriched on the surface of the carrier, which further confirmed high TN removal efficiency of the reactor. The results could provide reference for the enhanced biological treatment process of petrochemical wastewater with low C/N.

Key words: low C/N wastewater, integrated free floating biofilm-activated sludge, electrochemical system, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification

摘要：

构建了悬浮生物载体生物膜-活性污泥组合工艺（IFFAS）耦合电化学强化序批式膜生物反应器（ESMBR）的一体式新型复合工艺（IFFAS-ESMBR），借助生物电化学系统和膜过滤作用，实现了对低C/N石化废水的高效处理。结果表明，对于低C/N实际石化废水（COD/TN=4.3∶1，COD 1 969 mg/L，TN 460 mg/L）的处理，该复合工艺在稳定运行阶段对COD、NH₄ ⁺-N、TN的平均去除率可分别达到98.1%、91.3%和89.1%。在-1.2 V的外加电压下，CNT-PVDF复合中空纤维膜的跨膜压差（TMP）平均增长速率最高仅为2.5 kPa/d，且膜表面污泥的PN/PS呈逐渐下降趋势，表明其不可逆膜污染程度较轻。16S rRNA高通量测序结果表明，悬浮污泥、膜表面污泥和载体表面污泥中富集了大量的Rhodobacterales、Verrucomicrobiales、Anaerolineales、Xanthomonadales等除碳和脱氮功能菌，对于反应器有机物和氨氮的降解具有显著作用。此外，载体表面富集了大量的Nitrosomonadales、Burkholderiales等硝化和反硝化细菌，进一步印证了反应器良好的TN去除效果。以上研究结果可为C/N石化废水强化生物处理工艺提供参考。

关键词: 低碳氮比废水, 悬浮生物载体生物膜-活性污泥组合工艺, 电化学系统, 同步硝化反硝化

CLC Number:

X703

Xuan ZHAO, Tao LIU, Meng YANG, Sen QIAO. Treatment of petrochemical wastewater with low C/N by IFFAS-ESMBR integrated composite process[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(1): 32-40.

赵璇, 刘涛, 杨蒙, 乔森. IFFAS-ESMBR一体式复合工艺处理低C/N石化废水[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(1): 32-40.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-1261

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2025/V45/I1/32

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Experimental setup of IFFAS-ESMBR integrated composite process

Table 1 Operating conditions of reactor

项目	阶段Ⅰ	阶段Ⅱ	阶段Ⅲ	阶段Ⅳ	阶段Ⅴ
进水废水	模拟废水	模拟废水	实际废水（稀释3倍）	实际废水（稀释2倍）	实际废水（未稀释）
进水COD/（mg·L^-1）	~1 000	~1 000	~700	~1 000	~2 000
进水NH₄ ⁺-N/（mg·L^-1）	~110	~150	~150	~230	~460
进水TN/（mg·L^-1）	~110	~150	~150	~230	~460

Table 2 Operating time of each stage of the reactor

项目	阶段Ⅰ	阶段Ⅱ	阶段Ⅲ	阶段Ⅳ	阶段Ⅴ
厌氧段/h	1	1	1	2	2
曝气段/h	7	7	7	10	15
静置段/h	1	1	1	3	4
出水段/h	3	3	3	3	3
总HRT/h	12	12	12	18	24

Table 3 Operational energy consumption of the whole system

项目	阶段Ⅰ	阶段Ⅱ	阶段Ⅲ	阶段Ⅳ	阶段Ⅴ
电源能耗/（kW $∙$ h·m^-3）	0.080	0.080	0.080	0.120	0.160
气泵/（kW $·$ h·m^-3）	0.179	0.179	0.179	0.255	0.383
蠕动泵/（kW $·$ h·m^-3）	0.054	0.054	0.054	0.054	0.054
总能耗/（kW $∙$ h·m^-3）	0.313	0.313	0.313	0.429	0.597

Table 3 Operational energy consumption of the whole system

项目	阶段Ⅰ	阶段Ⅱ	阶段Ⅲ	阶段Ⅳ	阶段Ⅴ
电源能耗/（kW $∙$ h·m^-3）	0.080	0.080	0.080	0.120	0.160
气泵/（kW $·$ h·m^-3）	0.179	0.179	0.179	0.255	0.383
蠕动泵/（kW $·$ h·m^-3）	0.054	0.054	0.054	0.054	0.054
总能耗/（kW $∙$ h·m^-3）	0.313	0.313	0.313	0.429	0.597

Fig.2 COD removal effect at each stage of the reactor

Fig.3 NH₄ ⁺-N and TN removal effect at each stage of the reactor

Fig.4 Biofilm attachment on the surface of carrier（a） and carrier amplification image（b）

Fig.5 Changes of TMP evolution （a） and membrane flux （b） at each stage of membrane

Fig.6 SEM surface and cross section of CNT-PVDF membrane

Fig.7 EPS concentration change of the sludge attached to the membrane surface

Fig.8 EEM fluorescence spectroscopy of EPS from membrane surface

Fig.9 Microbial communities analysis of suspended sludge，sludge attached to membrane surface and carrier surface

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