Preparation of multi-layered coal-measure kaolinite photocatalyst and its degradation performance of SIBX in wastewater

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0026

Abstract

Abstract:

A composite titanium dioxide magnetic coal-measure kaolinite photocatalyst with multi-layered structure was prepared using coal-measure kaolinite as the carrier. The photocatalytic degradation performance of composite photocatalysts was investigated under simulated sunlight conditions using wastewater containing sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) as the research pollutant. The experimental results showed that when the dosage of butyl titanate was 5 mL, the calcination temperature was 400 ℃, and the catalyst dosage was 0.3 g/L, the degradation rate of SIBX in wastewater reached 99.6% within 120 minutes. The physical structure and properties of the catalyst were characterized using XRD,FTIR, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The results of UV-Vis, PL spectroscopy,and photocurrent density showed that compared with TiO₂, the composite photocatalyst had an enhanced response ability to visible light and a weakened ability to recombine photo generated electrons and holes. Free radical quenching experiments showed that h⁺ and O₂ ^·- were the main active radicals in the photocatalytic degradation process. After five cycles, the composite photocatalyst maintains a degradation efficiency of 89%, and XPS analysis further confirms its favorable stability Therefore, coal based composite photocatalysts had demonstrated efficient wastewater treatment performance and magnetic separation.

Key words: coal-measure kaolinite, photocatalysis, sodium isobutyl xanthate, degradation

摘要：

以煤系高岭土（Ka）为载体，制备出具有多层结构的复合二氧化钛磁性煤系高岭土光催化剂。以含异丁基黄原酸钠（SIBX）的废水为处理对象，在模拟太阳光的条件下考察了复合光催化剂的光催化降解性能。考察制备条件和光催化反应条件的影响，结果表明，在钛酸丁酯投加量为5 mL，煅烧温度为400 ℃，催化剂TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka投加量为0.3 g/L时，废水中SIBX的降解率在120 min内达99.6%。利用XRD、FTIR、SEM、TEM和XPS对催化剂的物理结构和表面性质进行了表征分析，表明制备出具有多层结构的光催化剂。UV-Vis、PL光谱、光电流密度测试结果表明，与TiO₂相比，复合光催化对可见光的响应能力增强，光生电子-空穴的复合能力减弱。自由基猝灭实验表明，h⁺和O₂ ^·-是光催化降解过程中的主要活性自由基。复合光催化剂在使用5次后，降解率仍可达到89%，结合XPS的表征分析表明其具有较好的稳定性。因此，煤系高岭土复合光催化剂显示了高效的废水处理性能且可以磁性分离循环利用。

关键词: 煤系高岭土, 光催化, 异丁基黄药, 降解

CLC Number:

X703.1

Chen GAO, Suhong ZHANG, Haowen MA. Preparation of multi-layered coal-measure kaolinite photocatalyst and its degradation performance of SIBX in wastewater[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(12): 173-183.

高晨, 张素红, 马浩文. 多层结构煤系高岭土光催化剂的制备及其对黄药废水的降解性能[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(12): 173-183.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0026

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2025/V45/I12/173

Figures/Tables 20

Fig.1 XRD pattern of the sample

Fig.2 XRD patterns of TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka at different calcination temperatures

Fig.3 The FTIR spectrum of the as-prepared composite material

Fig.4 TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka morphology from SEM（a） and TEM（b） images

Fig.5 Analysis of surface elemental composition and chemical states of TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka

Fig.6 UV-vis DRS（a） and band gaps（b） of the TiO₂，TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka and Fe₃O₄/Ka

Fig.7 PL spectra of TiO₂ and TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka

Fig.8 Photocurrent responses of TiO₂ and TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka

Fig.9 Effect of TBOT dosage on the effectiveness of photocatalytic degradation of SIBX by TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka

Fig.10 Effect of calcination temperature on the effectivencess of photocatalytic degradation of SIBX by the synthesized TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka

Fig.11 Effect of TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka dosage on the effectiveness of photocatalytic degradation of SIBX

Fig.12 Effect of initial SIBX mass concentration on the effectiveness of its photocatalytic degradation

Fig.13 Effect of solution pH on the effectiveness of photocatalytic SIBX degradation

Fig.14 Cyclic performance of TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka

Fig.15 Analysis of elemental composition and chemical states of TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka before and after the reaction

Fig.16 Free radical scavenging tests

Fig.17 ESR results of TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka

Fig.18 UV-Vis full spectrum scanning during the degradation of SIBX

Fig.19 Mott-Schottky curves of Fe₃O₄/Ka（a） and TiO₂（b）

Fig.20 Photocatalytic mechanism of TiO₂/SiO₂/Fe₃O₄/Ka

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