微生物燃料电池应用及性能优化研究进展

doi:10.11894/iwt.2019-0776

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微生物燃料电池作为新型微生物传感器，既能降解水中污染物也可以通过微生物产电输出电能。通常将污染物降解效率和产电功率作为衡量燃料电池性能好坏的重要参数，反应器构型是影响微生物燃料电池产电性能与降解效果的关键。归纳了光电极微生物燃料电池、自分层微生物燃料电池和人工湿地-微生物燃料电池这3种构型的反应器机理及对废水的适用性，总结了电极材料、电子介体、分隔膜材料等因素对燃料电池产电性能影响的研究进展。

关键词: 微生物燃料电池, 污染物降解, 产电效果

Abstract:

As a new type of microbial sensor, microbial fuel cells can not only degrade pollutants in water but also output electric energy by microorganisms generating electricity. The degradation efficiency of pollutants and power generation are usually regarded as important parameters to evaluate the performance of fuel cells. The reactor configuration plays a key role on influence the electrical performance and degradation effect of microbial fuel cells. The reactor mechanism and applicability to wastewater of three microbial fuel cells including photoelectrode, self-stratification and constructed wetlands are summarized. The research progress on the influence of electrode material, electronic medium, separator material and other factors on the electrical performance of fuel cells are summarized.

Key words: microbial fuel cell, degradation of pollutants, electric effect

中图分类号:

X703

孙齐,韩严和,齐蒙蒙. 微生物燃料电池应用及性能优化研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2020, 40(7): 6-11.

Qi Sun,Yanhe Han,Mengmeng Qi. Research progress on application and performance optimization of microbial fuel cells[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2020, 40(7): 6-11.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2020/V40/I7/6

图/表 4

参考文献 40

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设备类型	特点	适用领域
光电极微生物燃料电池也^〔5-8〕	以利用太阳光以及光合微生物为主袁无需曝气可以有效减少能耗袁但对阴极要求较高	养殖废水尧偶氮染料渊甲基橙尧刚果红尧亚甲基蓝冤废水尧苯酚有机废水等
自分层无膜微生物燃料电池也^〔12-13〕	多对阴极尧阳极组合上下摆放袁结构中需要添加集电器袁废水浸没3/4电极时性能最好	纯尿液废水尧高浓度含氮废水等
人工湿地-微生物燃料电池也^{〔15, 17, 20〕}	与植物系统相结合袁既可以提供氧气也可以产生多糖等物质帮助微生物固定袁有良好的产电效率和降解性能袁但植物易受到污染物影响检测浓度较低	城市废水尧畜牧废水尧染料废水和合成污水等

设备类型	特点	适用领域
光电极微生物燃料电池也^〔5-8〕	以利用太阳光以及光合微生物为主袁无需曝气可以有效减少能耗袁但对阴极要求较高	养殖废水尧偶氮染料渊甲基橙尧刚果红尧亚甲基蓝冤废水尧苯酚有机废水等
自分层无膜微生物燃料电池也^〔12-13〕	多对阴极尧阳极组合上下摆放袁结构中需要添加集电器袁废水浸没3/4电极时性能最好	纯尿液废水尧高浓度含氮废水等
人工湿地-微生物燃料电池也^{〔15, 17, 20〕}	与植物系统相结合袁既可以提供氧气也可以产生多糖等物质帮助微生物固定袁有良好的产电效率和降解性能袁但植物易受到污染物影响检测浓度较低	城市废水尧畜牧废水尧染料废水和合成污水等

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