电容去离子材料改性及装置改良研究进展

doi:10.11894/iwt.2020-0428

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电容去离子（CDI）操作简单、节能高效、环境友好，在废水脱盐领域有巨大发展潜力。CDI电极常用的碳材料脱盐能力有限，仍有提升空间。总结了化学处理、元素掺杂和金属氧化物复合等改性方法，介绍了几种代表性的装置构型，包括膜电容去离子（MCDI）、流动电极电容去离子（FCDI）和混合电容去离子（HCDI），最后对CDI的发展和应用前景进行了展望。

关键词: 电容去离子, 碳材料, 脱盐, 装置构型

Abstract:

Capacitive deionization(CDI) is promising for wastewater desalination owning to its merits of easy operation, low energy consumption, low cost and environmental benignity. Carbon materials, commonly used as CDI electrodes, have limited desalination capability. And there is still room for further improvement. Therefore, the modification methods including chemical treatment, doping elemental and compounding with metal oxide were summarized. Several representative device configuration were introduced including membrane capacitive deionization(MCDI), flow-electrode capacitive deionization(FCDI) and hybrid capacitive deionization(HCDI). Finally, the further development and application of CDI was prospected.

Key words: capacitive deionization, carbon materials, desalination, device configuration

中图分类号:

X703

宫傲,刘洋,赵玉博,李克勋. 电容去离子材料改性及装置改良研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2021, 41(4): 14-19.

Ao Gong,Yang Liu,Yubo Zhao,Kexun Li. Research progress on material modification and device improvement of capacitive deionization[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2021, 41(4): 14-19.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I4/14

图/表 4

参考文献 42

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项目	脱盐容量/（mg·g^-1）	溶液质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）	电极电压/V	文献
碳气凝胶	2.9	500	1.2	〔9〕
活性炭	10.5	292	1.2	〔15〕
多壁碳纳米管	1.7	3 000	1.2	〔10〕
有序介孔碳	0.68	25	1.2	〔10〕
石墨烯	1.8	25	2.0	〔16〕
两阶段活化的活性炭	9.72	29.2	1.0	〔19〕
多孔碳球	5.81	500	1.2	〔23〕
氮掺杂的多孔碳球	13.71	500	1.2	〔23〕
活性炭布	5.8	165	1.2	〔26〕
活性炭布/ZnO纳米颗粒	8.5	165	1.2	〔26〕
活性炭/TiO₂	17	584	1.2	〔19〕

项目	脱盐容量/（mg·g^-1）	溶液质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）	电极电压/V	文献
碳气凝胶	2.9	500	1.2	〔9〕
活性炭	10.5	292	1.2	〔15〕
多壁碳纳米管	1.7	3 000	1.2	〔10〕
有序介孔碳	0.68	25	1.2	〔10〕
石墨烯	1.8	25	2.0	〔16〕
两阶段活化的活性炭	9.72	29.2	1.0	〔19〕
多孔碳球	5.81	500	1.2	〔23〕
氮掺杂的多孔碳球	13.71	500	1.2	〔23〕
活性炭布	5.8	165	1.2	〔26〕
活性炭布/ZnO纳米颗粒	8.5	165	1.2	〔26〕
活性炭/TiO₂	17	584	1.2	〔19〕

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