摘要：

纳米二氧化钛能带和导带之间的带隙能为3．2eV，当被紫外光照射时，其表面形成的电子空穴对(h⁺e^-)，具有较强的氧化还原性，可将废水中的含氯、含磷、含硫有机物降为小分子无机物二氧化碳和水，高氧化态的无机物还原成单质，或氧化成氧化物沉淀出来。经研究表明，用纳米二氧化钛处理后，近300种有机物降解效果良好，应用到污水处理工作中，也表现出良好的效果。利用其超强的氧化性，还可杀灭水中的多种细菌，净化自来水，提高饮用水的质量。纳米二氧化钛的表面双亲性，用于化纤上，可减少洗涤剂的用量，从而降低污水的排出量。但受到反应器大型化及催化剂固定措施的影响，该技术的应用还有待进一步的研究，湖南智能公司已走出了第一步。

关键词: 纳米, 二氧化钛, 水处理, 降解, 杀菌

Abstract:

The optical band gap between nano-TiO₂ energy band and conduction band is 3.2 eV. When the nano-TiO₂ is shined by the UV light the electron-hole pairs，which is formed on its surface, has a strong ability of oxidization-reduction. By using this ability, many organisms in wastewater containing chlorine, phosphor and sulfur can be degraded into inorganic small molecules, such as carbon dioxide and water. The highly oxidized inorganic substances are reduced to simple substances or are oxidized into oxides to be deposited. The research shows that after being treated with nano-TiO₂, almost 300 kinds of organisms can be degraded effectively. And, it works well when it is used in wastewater treatment. By making use of its strong ability of oxidization many kinds of bacteria in water can be sterilized，thus the running water is purified and the drinking water quality is improved. If the amphiphilic property on the surface of TiO₂ is applied to chemical fibre, it can decrease the quantity of detergent so that the output of polluted water is decreased. But further study has to be made for the application of this technology, because it is affected by the large-sized reactor and the fixed measures of catalyst.

Key words: nanometer, TiO₂, water treatment, degradation, sterilization

中图分类号: 

• X703.1