厌氧氨氧化技术在市政污水中的应用和研究进展

doi:10.11894/iwt.2018-1153

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

相对于传统生物脱氮技术，低能耗和低成本的厌氧氨氧化技术迅速成为市政污水脱氮领域的研究热点。介绍了厌氧氨氧化反应机理的最新研究进展，进一步分析和讨论了采用主流及侧流厌氧氨氧化工艺治理市政污水时氮源污染过程中存在的瓶颈。与侧流厌氧氨氧化工艺相比，主流厌氧氨氧化工艺在市政污水脱氮处理上具有更大的优势和潜力。最后，针对市政污水脱氮处理现状给出了厌氧氨氧化技术需解决的问题和未来发展方向。

关键词: 废水脱氮, 生物脱氮, 厌氧氨氧化, 市政污水

Abstract:

Compared with the traditional biological nitrogen removal technology, Anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox) technology with relatively low energy consumption and economic cost has rapidly become a research hotspot, especially in the field of nitrogen removal from the domestic wastewater. The latest progress on the mechanism of Anammox reaction is reviewed. Furthermore, the bottlenecks are discussed in the applications of mainstream and sidestream Anammox processes to remove nitrogen pollutant from domestic wastewater. Compared with the sidestream anammox process, the mainstream Anammox process has greater advantages and potentials in domestic wastewater treatment. Finally, the challenge of the Anammox technology in future development is given based on the current status of sewage treatment.

Key words: nitrogen removal from wastewater, biological nitrogen removal, Anammox, municipal wastewater

中图分类号:

X703

解云飞,徐文杰,迟媛媛,万俊锋. 厌氧氨氧化技术在市政污水中的应用和研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2019, 39(12): 1-6.

Yunfei Xie,Wenjie Xu,Yuanyuan Chi,Junfeng Wan. Application and progress of Anammox technology on the municipal wastewater treatment[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2019, 39(12): 1-6.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2019/V39/I12/1

图/表 7

参考文献 46

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门	属	种	参考文献
Planctomycetes	Candidatus Brocadia	Candidatus Brocadia anammoxidans	〔6〕
		candidatus brocadia fulgida	〔7〕
		candidatus brocadia sinica	〔8〕-〔9〕
		candidatus brocadia brasiliensis	NCBI website
		candidatus brocadia caroliniensis	NCBI website
	Candidatus Kuenenia	Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis	〔10〕
		candidatus scalindua arabica	〔11〕
		Candidatus Scalindua sorokinii	〔12〕
		candidatus scalindua zhenghei	〔13〕
		Candidatus Scalindua brodae	〔14〕
	Candidatus Scalindua	candidatus scalindua richardsii	〔15〕
		Candidatus Scalindua wagneri	〔16〕
		Candidatus Scalindua rubra	NCBI website
		Candidatus Scalindua mirina	NCBI website
		Candidatus Scalindua siinooifield	〔16〕
		candidatus scalindua profunda	〔17〕
	Candidatus jettnia Jettnia	Candidatus jettnia asiatica	〔18〕
		Candidatus jettnia moscovienalis	NCBI website
		Candidatus jettnia caeni	NCBI website
	Anammoxglobus	Candidatus anammoxoglobussulfate	〔19〕
		Candidatus Anammoxglobus propionicus	〔20〕
		Candidatus Anammoxoglobus sulfate	〔21〕
	Anammoximicrobium	Candidatus Anammoximicrobium moscowii	NCBI website

门	属	种	参考文献
Planctomycetes	Candidatus Brocadia	Candidatus Brocadia anammoxidans	〔6〕
		candidatus brocadia fulgida	〔7〕
		candidatus brocadia sinica	〔8〕-〔9〕
		candidatus brocadia brasiliensis	NCBI website
		candidatus brocadia caroliniensis	NCBI website
	Candidatus Kuenenia	Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis	〔10〕
		candidatus scalindua arabica	〔11〕
		Candidatus Scalindua sorokinii	〔12〕
		candidatus scalindua zhenghei	〔13〕
		Candidatus Scalindua brodae	〔14〕
	Candidatus Scalindua	candidatus scalindua richardsii	〔15〕
		Candidatus Scalindua wagneri	〔16〕
		Candidatus Scalindua rubra	NCBI website
		Candidatus Scalindua mirina	NCBI website
		Candidatus Scalindua siinooifield	〔16〕
		candidatus scalindua profunda	〔17〕
	Candidatus jettnia Jettnia	Candidatus jettnia asiatica	〔18〕
		Candidatus jettnia moscovienalis	NCBI website
		Candidatus jettnia caeni	NCBI website
	Anammoxglobus	Candidatus anammoxoglobussulfate	〔19〕
		Candidatus Anammoxglobus propionicus	〔20〕
		Candidatus Anammoxoglobus sulfate	〔21〕
	Anammoximicrobium	Candidatus Anammoximicrobium moscowii	NCBI website

反应器类型/工艺类型	体积/m³	水力停留时间/h	pH	氨氮/（mg·L^-1）	温度/℃	m（COD）:m（N）	氮去除速率/（kg·m^-3·d^-1）	参考文献
SBR	0.2	3.7	N	24	室温	1~3	0.14	〔30〕
SBR	0.027	5.5~7.2	7.3	60~160	20	≈0	0.53	〔31〕
					15		0.53
					10		0.27~0.43
MBBR	50	2.5~3	N	25	12~18	3	0.1~0.3	〔32〕
UASB	0.008	0.12	N	16.8	30	25.5	5.72	〔33〕
UASB	0.008	0.28	N	16.8	16	25.5	2.28	〔33〕
DEMON	10~460	5.6	N	15~40	9~15	9.2	0.19	〔34〕
多级AO+分段进水	56~800	5.7	6.5~7.3	30.8	30	7	0.17	〔35〕
UASB	0.002	—	8.1±0.3	30±7	11	—	1.2±0.5	〔36〕
EGSB	0.001	3.39	—	32~79	29~30	—	0.121~0.183	〔37〕

反应器类型/工艺类型	体积/m³	水力停留时间/h	pH	氨氮/（mg·L^-1）	温度/℃	m（COD）:m（N）	氮去除速率/（kg·m^-3·d^-1）	参考文献
SBR	0.2	3.7	N	24	室温	1~3	0.14	〔30〕
SBR	0.027	5.5~7.2	7.3	60~160	20	≈0	0.53	〔31〕
					15		0.53
					10		0.27~0.43
MBBR	50	2.5~3	N	25	12~18	3	0.1~0.3	〔32〕
UASB	0.008	0.12	N	16.8	30	25.5	5.72	〔33〕
UASB	0.008	0.28	N	16.8	16	25.5	2.28	〔33〕
DEMON	10~460	5.6	N	15~40	9~15	9.2	0.19	〔34〕
多级AO+分段进水	56~800	5.7	6.5~7.3	30.8	30	7	0.17	〔35〕
UASB	0.002	—	8.1±0.3	30±7	11	—	1.2±0.5	〔36〕
EGSB	0.001	3.39	—	32~79	29~30	—	0.121~0.183	〔37〕

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