硫化物在新型生物脱氮工艺中的作用研究进展

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-1029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

硫化物是环境中常见的电子供体，也是废水生物处理过程中一些关键微生物的强抑制剂。综述了硫化物在短程硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化、混合营养型反硝化等新型生物脱氮工艺中作为抑制剂对脱氮性能的抑制机理和抑制作用，以及其作为电子供体在新型生物脱氮工艺及基于硫化物驱动的自养反硝化耦合工艺和相关组合工艺中所起到的作用，列举了以硫化物为基础的废水反硝化处理新工艺在实际工程中的应用，说明了其较传统工艺在减少污泥产量和能源需求方面具有的显著优势，最后对硫化物用于脱氮的研究方向进行展望，提出未来继续探索如何巧妙地将其与传统污水处理工艺相结合实现综合应用，对推动新型生物脱氮工艺的持续进步和优化，实现高效、可持续和经济的废水处理具有重要的意义。

关键词: 硫化物, 抑制作用, 电子供体, 生物脱氮

Abstract:

Sulfides are common electron donors in the environment and strong inhibitors of some key microorganisms in wastewater biological treatment processes. In this paper, the inhibitory mechanisms and effects of sulfides as inhibitors on denitrification performance in new biological denitrification processes such as partial nitrification-denitrification, anaerobic ammonia oxidation, and mixed nutrient denitrification were summarized. The role of sulfides as electron donors in new biological denitrification processes, sulfide-driven autotrophic denitrification coupling processes, and related combination processes was discussed. The application of sulfide-based wastewater denitrification treatment processes in practical engineering was listed, demonstrating their significant advantages in reducing sludge production and energy demand compared to traditional processes. Finally, the research direction of sulfide-based denitrification was discussed. It was proposed to continue exploring how to cleverly combine it with traditional sewage treatment processes to achieve comprehensive applications in the future, which was of great significance for promoting the continuous progress and optimization of new biological denitrification processes, and achieving efficient, sustainable, and economical wastewater treatment.

Key words: sulfide, inhibition, electron donor, biological denitrification

中图分类号:

X703

陈涛, 沈耀良. 硫化物在新型生物脱氮工艺中的作用研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(10): 108-115.

Tao CHEN, Yaoliang SHEN. Research progress on the role of sulfide in novel biological nitrogen removal processes[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(10): 108-115.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I10/108

图/表 4

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微生物种类	反应器	硫化物质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）	主要影响	参考文献
AOB和NOB	序批式反应器（SBR）	32	硝化率暂时降至79%	〔15〕
AOB和NOB	连续搅拌式反应器（CSTR）	3.1~112	硝化率由90%降至30%	〔16〕
AOB和NOB	CSTR	2.5~5.0	亚硝酸盐氧化过程更容易发生	〔17〕
AOB和NOB	批次实验	2.5~10	铵的消耗率接近100%	〔18〕
NOB	厌氧膜生物反应器	13~178	NOB活性降低至原来的5%~27%	〔19〕
厌氧氨氧化菌（Anammox）	上流式厌氧污泥床反应器	32	厌氧氨氧化活性下降94.7%	〔8〕
Anammox	膨胀颗粒污泥床	9.6	厌氧氨氧化反应完全被抑制	〔20〕
Anammox	批次实验	32~64	厌氧氨氧化活性下降60%	〔21〕

微生物种类	反应器	硫化物质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）	主要影响	参考文献
AOB和NOB	序批式反应器（SBR）	32	硝化率暂时降至79%	〔15〕
AOB和NOB	连续搅拌式反应器（CSTR）	3.1~112	硝化率由90%降至30%	〔16〕
AOB和NOB	CSTR	2.5~5.0	亚硝酸盐氧化过程更容易发生	〔17〕
AOB和NOB	批次实验	2.5~10	铵的消耗率接近100%	〔18〕
NOB	厌氧膜生物反应器	13~178	NOB活性降低至原来的5%~27%	〔19〕
厌氧氨氧化菌（Anammox）	上流式厌氧污泥床反应器	32	厌氧氨氧化活性下降94.7%	〔8〕
Anammox	膨胀颗粒污泥床	9.6	厌氧氨氧化反应完全被抑制	〔20〕
Anammox	批次实验	32~64	厌氧氨氧化活性下降60%	〔21〕

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