沸石联合生物工艺在污水脱氮领域的最新研究进展

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2021-0095

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

沸石作为良好的吸附材料，被广泛用于污水脱氮处理领域。最新研究表明，沸石联合微生物工艺具有低能耗和高效脱氮的特点。在沸石联合微生物处理工艺中，沸石作为氨氮存储介质和微生物载体可增加系统脱氮功能菌生物量，提升脱氮效率；沸石生物可再生性与疏松多孔的结构特点易于实现氨氧化菌的富集和对亚硝态氮氧化菌的抑制，从而实现反应器内的短程硝化；将沸石运用至厌氧氨氧化工艺之中，可促进厌氧氨氧化反应的稳定运行与其功能细菌的富集。基于此，总结了沸石在硝化、短程硝化、厌氧氨氧化以及反硝化过程中的作用及其主要作用机理，综述了沸石在不同生物脱氮工艺中的应用研究进展，最后对沸石联合微生物工艺应用的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 沸石, 短程硝化, 厌氧氨氧化, 反硝化, 生物再生

Abstract:

Zeolite，as the ideal adsorptive materials，has been widely used in the treatment of nitrogen polluted wastewater. Recent studies show that zeolite coupled with biological process can efficiently remove nitrogen with low energy consumption. Zeolite， as an ammonia nitrogen storage medium and biomass carrier，can increase the biomass of functional bacteria and improve the nitrogen removal efficiency in the combined zeolite microbial process. The bio-regeneration and porous structure of zeolite are easy to realize the enrichment of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and the inhibition of nitrite nitrogen oxidizing bacteria，so as to achieve the formation of partial nitrification reaction in the reactor. The application of zeolite in anammox process can promote the stable operation of anammox reaction and the enrichment of functional bacteria. Based on these，it was firstly summarized that the function and the main mechanisms of zeolite in nitrification，partial nitrification，anammox and denitrification in biological processes. Furthermore，the application and research progress of zeolite in different biological denitrification processes was reviewed. Finally，The development direction of zeolite combined microbial process was prospected.

Key words: zeolite, partial-nitrification, anammox, denitrification, bio-regeneration

中图分类号:

张天意,康鹏飞,万俊锋. 沸石联合生物工艺在污水脱氮领域的最新研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2022, 42(3): 9-15.

Tianyi ZHANG,Pengfei KANG,Junfeng WAN. Latest research progress of zeolite coupled with biological process in wastewater denitrification[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2022, 42(3): 9-15.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I3/9

图/表 4

参考文献 41

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功能菌	微生物（属水平）	丰度趋势	作用机理	参考文献
AOB	Nitrosomonas	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔5-7〕
	Nitrosococcus	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔5〕
	Nitrosovibrio	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔5〕
NOB	Nitrospira	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔6，8〕
	Nitrospira	-	游离氨（FA）抑制	〔4，9〕
	Nitrospina	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔6〕
	Nitrobacter	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔10〕
	Nitrobacter	-	FA抑制	〔4，9〕
DNB	Thauera	+	生物富集	〔11-13〕
	Flavobacterium	+	生物富集	〔12，14〕
	Acinetobacter	+	生物富集	〔13-14〕
	Gemmobacter	+	生物富集	〔14〕
	Acidovorax	+	生物富集	〔14〕
	Hydrogenophaga	+	生物富集	〔14〕
Anammox bacteria	Candidatus Jettenia	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔15〕
Anammox bacteria	Candidatus Kuenenia	+	离子交换	〔16〕

功能菌	微生物（属水平）	丰度趋势	作用机理	参考文献
AOB	Nitrosomonas	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔5-7〕
	Nitrosococcus	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔5〕
	Nitrosovibrio	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔5〕
NOB	Nitrospira	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔6，8〕
	Nitrospira	-	游离氨（FA）抑制	〔4，9〕
	Nitrospina	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔6〕
	Nitrobacter	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔10〕
	Nitrobacter	-	FA抑制	〔4，9〕
DNB	Thauera	+	生物富集	〔11-13〕
	Flavobacterium	+	生物富集	〔12，14〕
	Acinetobacter	+	生物富集	〔13-14〕
	Gemmobacter	+	生物富集	〔14〕
	Acidovorax	+	生物富集	〔14〕
	Hydrogenophaga	+	生物富集	〔14〕
Anammox bacteria	Candidatus Jettenia	+	离子交换与生物富集	〔15〕
Anammox bacteria	Candidatus Kuenenia	+	离子交换	〔16〕

反应器类型	氨氮去除率/%	亚硝态氮积累率/%	氨氮负荷/ （kg·m^-3·d^-1）	参考文献
序批式反应器	95	90	—	〔33〕
生物曝气滤池	91~96	>90	1.67~2.19	〔7〕
序批式反应器	66~80	95	—	〔5〕
生物固定床	90~94	95	—	〔9〕
生物曝气滤池	40~85	98	0.10~1.02	〔4〕
生物曝气滤池	50~90	94	1.23~1.46	〔16〕
序批式反应器	35~55	96	1.20	〔11〕
序批式反应器	—	98	0.23~1.86	〔34〕
序批式反应器	40~100	90	—	〔35〕

反应器类型	氨氮去除率/%	亚硝态氮积累率/%	氨氮负荷/ （kg·m^-3·d^-1）	参考文献
序批式反应器	95	90	—	〔33〕
生物曝气滤池	91~96	>90	1.67~2.19	〔7〕
序批式反应器	66~80	95	—	〔5〕
生物固定床	90~94	95	—	〔9〕
生物曝气滤池	40~85	98	0.10~1.02	〔4〕
生物曝气滤池	50~90	94	1.23~1.46	〔16〕
序批式反应器	35~55	96	1.20	〔11〕
序批式反应器	—	98	0.23~1.86	〔34〕
序批式反应器	40~100	90	—	〔35〕

反应器类型	污水来源	COD负荷/ （kg·m^-3·d^-1）	氨氮负荷/ （kg·m^-3·d^-1）	水力停留时间/h	COD 去除率/%	氨氮去除率/%	总氮去除率/%	参考文献
生物曝气滤池	垃圾渗滤液	9.63~16.84	1.67~2.19	5.36~8.85	50~56	91~95	65~84	〔7〕
生物滤池联合膜生物反应器	焦化废水	0.41~0.44	0.04	73.60	83~89	88~99	—	〔10〕
生物曝气滤池	低浓度氨氮模拟废水	0.09	0.13	0.41	12.64	64.56	—	〔39〕
生物固定床联合陶粒滤床	低浓度氨氮模拟废水	0.03	—	24.00	—	91~96	—	〔8〕
生态浮床	受污染自然水体	—	—	—	—	—	71	〔40〕

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